Abstract

Three-dimensional projection integral imaging using micro-convex-mirror arrays is presented. In this scheme, a pseudoscopic to orthoscopic image conversion process is not required even if elemental images of direct camera pickup are used. In addition, a wide viewing angle without image flipping can be achieved even if optical barriers are not used. The feasibility of the proposed scheme was experimentally demonstrated, in which the viewing angle of more than 60 degrees was obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest viewing angle demonstrated by a single integral imaging system.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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References

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2004 (1)

2003 (6)

2002 (3)

1998 (2)

1997 (2)

1994 (1)

N. Davies, M. McCormick, and M. Brewin, “Design and analysis of an image transfer system using microlens arrays,” Opt. Eng. 33, 3624–3633 (1994).
[Crossref]

1980 (1)

T. Okoshi, “Three-dimensional display,” Proc. IEEE 68, 548–564 (1980).
[Crossref]

1970 (1)

1968 (1)

1931 (1)

1908 (1)

G. Lippmann, “La photographie integrale,” Comptes-Rendus Academie des Sciences 146, 446–451 (1908).

Ambs, P.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Arai, J.

Bigue, L.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Binet, R.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Brewin, M.

N. Davies, M. McCormick, and M. Brewin, “Design and analysis of an image transfer system using microlens arrays,” Opt. Eng. 33, 3624–3633 (1994).
[Crossref]

Burckhardt, C. B.

Caulfield, H. J.

Choi, H.

Colineau, J.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Davies, N.

N. Davies, M. McCormick, and M. Brewin, “Design and analysis of an image transfer system using microlens arrays,” Opt. Eng. 33, 3624–3633 (1994).
[Crossref]

Hoshino, H.

Huignard, J.-P.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Isono, H.

Ives, H. E.

Jang, J.-S.

Javidi, B.

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Spatiotemporally multiplexed integral imaging projector for large-scale highresolution three-dimensional display,” Opt. Express 12, 557–563 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-4-557.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Formation of orthoscopic three-dimensional real images in direct pickup one-step integral imaging,” Opt. Eng. 42, 1869–1870 (2003).
[Crossref]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Large depth-of-focus time-multiplexed three-dimensional integral imaging using lenslets with non-uniform focal lengths and aperture sizes,” Opt. Lett. 28, 1924–1926 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S.-W. Min, B. Javidi, and B. Lee, “Enhanced three-dimensional integral imaging system by use of double display devices,” Appl. Opt. 42, 4186–4195 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J.-S. Jang, F. Jin, and B. Javidi, “Three-dimensional integral imaging with large depth of focus using real and virtual image fields,” Opt. Lett. 28, 1421–1423 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Improvement of viewing angle in integral imaging by use of moving lenslet arrays with low fill factor,” Appl. Opt. 42, 1996–2002 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Improved viewing resolution of three-dimensional integral imaging with nonstationary micro-optics,” Opt. Lett. 27, 324–326 (2002).
[Crossref]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Real-time all-optical three-dimensional integral imaging projector,” Appl. Opt. 41, 4866–4869 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jeong, Y.

Jin, F.

Jung, S.

Lee, B.

Lehureau, J.-C.

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Lippmann, G.

G. Lippmann, “La photographie integrale,” Comptes-Rendus Academie des Sciences 146, 446–451 (1908).

McCormick, M.

N. Davies, M. McCormick, and M. Brewin, “Design and analysis of an image transfer system using microlens arrays,” Opt. Eng. 33, 3624–3633 (1994).
[Crossref]

McMahon, D. H.

Min, S.-W.

Okano, F.

Okoshi, T.

T. Okoshi, “Three-dimensional display,” Proc. IEEE 68, 548–564 (1980).
[Crossref]

Park, J.-H.

Yamaguchi, I.

Yuyama, I.

Zhang, T.

Appl. Opt. (7)

Comptes-Rendus Academie des Sciences (1)

G. Lippmann, “La photographie integrale,” Comptes-Rendus Academie des Sciences 146, 446–451 (1908).

J. Opt. Soc. Am. (2)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (1)

Opt. Eng. (2)

N. Davies, M. McCormick, and M. Brewin, “Design and analysis of an image transfer system using microlens arrays,” Opt. Eng. 33, 3624–3633 (1994).
[Crossref]

J.-S. Jang and B. Javidi, “Formation of orthoscopic three-dimensional real images in direct pickup one-step integral imaging,” Opt. Eng. 42, 1869–1870 (2003).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (5)

Proc. IEEE (1)

T. Okoshi, “Three-dimensional display,” Proc. IEEE 68, 548–564 (1980).
[Crossref]

Other (2)

S. A. Benton, ed., Selected Papers on Three-Dimensional Displays (SPIE Optical Engineering Press, Bellingham, WA, 2001).

P. Ambs, L. Bigue, R. Binet, J. Colineau, J.-C. Lehureau, and J.-P. Huignard, “Image reconstruction using electrooptic holography,” Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 2003, vol. 1 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2003) pp. 172–173.

Supplementary Material (1)

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Pickup and display in 3-D II. (a) Pickup of elemental images using a lenslet array. (b) Conventional image display using a lenslet array and a display panel. (c) Projection II with a lenslet array. (d) Projection II with a micro-concave-mirror array. 2-D image projectors are not shown. (e) 3-D projection II with a micro-convex-mirror array. 2-D image projectors are not shown.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Optical setup for experiments on 3-D projection II using a micro-convex-mirror array.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. 3-D object used in experiments.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Elemental images obtained from direct camera pickup.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Reconstructed orthoscopic virtual 3-D images. (a) Left view. (b) Upper view. (c) Right view.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (1.42 MB) Movie for the reconstructed 3-D image.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Direct pickup of elemental images using a micro-concave-mirror array.

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