Abstract

We report on the measurement of an Erbium-fiber oscillator’s carrier-envelope-offset frequency using an extruded SF6 photonic crystal fiber for the generation of a more than two octave-spanning supercontinuum from 400 nm to beyond 1750 nm. A modified type of f-2f-interferometer was employed, beating the frequency doubled input signal of the fiber oscillator with the supercontinuum to generate the carrier-envelope-offset beat. Controlling the fiber oscillator’s pump power with an electronic feedback loop, we phase-locked the carrier-envelope-offset frequency to an external reference source. The resulting residual phase excursions correspond to fractional frequency instabilities of the oscillator’s frequency comb of the order of 10-16 for averaging times longer than 10 s.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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  1. H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  2. R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
    [Crossref]
  5. L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
    [Crossref]
  6. R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
    [Crossref]
  7. J. Rauschenberger, T. M. Fortier, D. J. Jones, J. Ye, and S. Cundiff, “Control of the frequency comb from a modelocked Erbium-doped fiber laser,” Opt. Express 10, 1404–1410 (2002), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-24-1404.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. F. Tauser, A. Leitenstorfer, and W. Zinth, “Amplified femtosecond pulses from an Er:fiber system: Nonlinear pulse shortening and self-referencing detection of the carrier-envelope phase evolution,” Opt. Express 11, 594–600 (2003), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-6-594.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. F.-L. Hong, K. Minoshima, A. Onae, H. Inaba, H. Takada, A. Hirai, H. Matsumoto, T. Sugiura, and M. Yoshida “Broad-spectrum frequency comb generation and carrier-envelope offset frequency measurement by second-harmonic generation of a mode-locked fiber laser,” Opt. Lett. 28, 1516–1518 (2003)
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. N. Haverkamp, H. Hundertmark, C. Fallnich, and H.R. Telle “Frequency stabilization of mode-locked Erbium fiber lasers using pump power control,” Appl. Phys. B (to be published)
  11. V.V. Ravi Kanth Kumar, A.K. George, W.H. Reeves, J.C. Knight, P.St.J. Russell, F.G. Omenetto, and A.J. Taylor:“Extruded soft glass photonic crystal fiber for ultrabroad supercontinuum generation,” Opt. Express 10, 1520–1525 (2002), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-25-1520.
    [Crossref]
  12. K. Tamura, E.P. Ippen, H.A. Haus, and L.E. Nelson, “77-fs pulse generation from a stretched-pulse mode-locked all-fiber ring laser,” Opt. Lett. 18, 1080–1082 (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. H. Hundertmark, D. Kracht, D. Wandt, C. Fallnich, Kumar, A. K. George, J. C. Knight, and P. S. J. Russell, “Supercontinuum generation with 200 pJ laser pulses in an extruded SF6 fiber at 1560 nm,” Opt. Express 11, 3196–3201 (2003), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-24-3196.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (3)

2002 (3)

2001 (2)

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

2000 (2)

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1999 (1)

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

Bergquist, J.C.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Binnewies, T.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

Cundiff, S.

Cundiff, S.T.

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Curtis, E.A.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Diddams, S.A.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Drescher, M.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Drullinger, R.E.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Dunlop, A.E.

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

Fallnich, C.

Fortier, T. M.

George, A. K.

George, A.K.

Hall, J.L.

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hänsch, T. W.

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Haus, H.A.

Haverkamp, N.

N. Haverkamp, H. Hundertmark, C. Fallnich, and H.R. Telle “Frequency stabilization of mode-locked Erbium fiber lasers using pump power control,” Appl. Phys. B (to be published)

Heinzmann, U.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Hentschel, M.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Hirai, A.

Hollberg, L.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Holzwarth, R.

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hong, F.-L.

Hundertmark, H.

Inaba, H.

Ippen, E.P.

Itano, W.M.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Ivanov, E.N.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Jones, D. J.

Jones, D.J.

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Keller, U.

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

Kienberger, R.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Knight, J. C.

Knight, J.C.

Kracht, D.

Krausz, F.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Kumar,

Leitenstorfer, A.

Matsumoto, H.

Milosevic, N.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Minoshima, K.

Nelson, L.E.

Oates, C.W.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Omenetto, F.G.

Onae, A.

Rafac, R.J.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Ranka, J.K.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rauschenberger, J.

Ravi Kanth Kumar, V.V.

Reeves, W.H.

Reichert, J.

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Reider, G.A.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Riehle, F.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

Robinson, H.G.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Russell, P. S. J.

Russell, P.St.J.

Spielmann, C.

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Steinmeyer, G.

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

Stenger, J.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

Stentz, A.

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stentz, A.J.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

Sugiura, T.

Sutter, D.H.

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

Takada, H.

Tamura, K.

Tauser, F.

Taylor:, A.J.

Telle, H.R.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

N. Haverkamp, H. Hundertmark, C. Fallnich, and H.R. Telle “Frequency stabilization of mode-locked Erbium fiber lasers using pump power control,” Appl. Phys. B (to be published)

Udem, T.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Udem, Th.

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wadsworth, W.J.

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wandt, D.

Wilpers, G.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

Windeler, R.S.

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wineland, D.J.

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Ye, J.

Yoshida, M.

Zinth, W.

Appl. Phys B (1)

R. Kienberger, M. Hentschel, C. Spielmann, G.A. Reider, N. Milosevic, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Sub-femtosecond X-ray pulse generation and measurement,” Appl. Phys B 74, S3–S9 (2002)
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. B (1)

H.R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A.E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D.H. Sutter, and U. Keller, “Carrier-envelope offset phase control: A novel concept for absolute optical frequency measurement and ultrashort pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 69, 327–332 (1999).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quant. Elec. (1)

L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, and D.J. Wineland, “Optical Frequency Standards and Measurement,” IEEE J. Quant. Elec. 37, 1502–1513 (2001)
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (4)

Opt. Lett. (2)

Phys. Rev. A (1)

J. Stenger, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers, F. Riehle, H.R. Telle, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz, “Phase-coherent frequency measurement of the Ca intercombination line at 657 nm with a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 021802 (R) (2001)
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (1)

R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T. W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell, “An optical frequency synthesiser for precision spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264–2267 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Science (1)

D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundiff, “Carrierenvelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency syntheses,” Science 288, 635–639 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (1)

N. Haverkamp, H. Hundertmark, C. Fallnich, and H.R. Telle “Frequency stabilization of mode-locked Erbium fiber lasers using pump power control,” Appl. Phys. B (to be published)

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic setup of the simplified f-2f-interferometer for measurement of the carrierenvelope- offset-frequency: Iso = Faraday isolator; 50/50=50/50-fiber coupler; PCF=SF6 photonic crystal fiber; PPLN= periodically poled Lithium-Niobate crystal; PBS= polarizing beam splitter; BS=50/50-beam splitter; SM800= single-mode fiber for 800 nm; PD= Silicon PIN photo diode; Amp =30 dB radio frequency amplifier.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. RF spectrum measured after the 800 nm single-mode-fiber at a resolution bandwidth of 30 kHz. The lower peaks (~35 dB about noise floor) at 13 MHz and 46 MHz are the carrier-envelope-offset-frequency beats and the narrow big peak corresponds to the oscillators repetition rate of ~59 MHz.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Schematic setup for measurement and stabilization of the oscillator’s carrier-envelopeoffset frequency; PD= silicon photo diode; Amp=RF amplifier; BP= band pass filter; PLL= phase-locked loop; FC= digital frequency counter; FD= binary frequency divider; FG= frequency generator; LD= pump diode of oscillator.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Temporal evolution of the carrier-envelope-offset frequency: (a) Free-running oscillator with a drift of 170 kHz over 50 s for an averaging time of 1 s; (b) Oscillator with feedback control on the pump power with a division factor of 16; the inset graphic shows on smaller scale the changes for an averaging time of 10 s.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Standard-Allan-deviation of fractional frequency fluctuations in the optical domain for the stabilized oscillator system.

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