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Phase-locked carrier-envelope-offset frequency at 1560 nm

Holger Hundertmark, Dieter Wandt, Carsten Fallnich, Nils Haverkamp, and Harald R. Telle

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We report on the measurement of an Erbium-fiber oscillator’s carrier-envelope-offset frequency using an extruded SF6 photonic crystal fiber for the generation of a more than two octave-spanning supercontinuum from 400 nm to beyond 1750 nm. A modified type of f-2f-interferometer was employed, beating the frequency doubled input signal of the fiber oscillator with the supercontinuum to generate the carrier-envelope-offset beat. Controlling the fiber oscillator’s pump power with an electronic feedback loop, we phase-locked the carrier-envelope-offset frequency to an external reference source. The resulting residual phase excursions correspond to fractional frequency instabilities of the oscillator’s frequency comb of the order of 10-16 for averaging times longer than 10 s.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic setup of the simplified f-2f-interferometer for measurement of the carrierenvelope- offset-frequency: Iso = Faraday isolator; 50/50=50/50-fiber coupler; PCF=SF6 photonic crystal fiber; PPLN= periodically poled Lithium-Niobate crystal; PBS= polarizing beam splitter; BS=50/50-beam splitter; SM800= single-mode fiber for 800 nm; PD= Silicon PIN photo diode; Amp =30 dB radio frequency amplifier.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. RF spectrum measured after the 800 nm single-mode-fiber at a resolution bandwidth of 30 kHz. The lower peaks (~35 dB about noise floor) at 13 MHz and 46 MHz are the carrier-envelope-offset-frequency beats and the narrow big peak corresponds to the oscillators repetition rate of ~59 MHz.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Schematic setup for measurement and stabilization of the oscillator’s carrier-envelopeoffset frequency; PD= silicon photo diode; Amp=RF amplifier; BP= band pass filter; PLL= phase-locked loop; FC= digital frequency counter; FD= binary frequency divider; FG= frequency generator; LD= pump diode of oscillator.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Temporal evolution of the carrier-envelope-offset frequency: (a) Free-running oscillator with a drift of 170 kHz over 50 s for an averaging time of 1 s; (b) Oscillator with feedback control on the pump power with a division factor of 16; the inset graphic shows on smaller scale the changes for an averaging time of 10 s.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Standard-Allan-deviation of fractional frequency fluctuations in the optical domain for the stabilized oscillator system.

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