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Multi-port polarization-independent optical quasi-circulators by using a pair of holographic spatial- and polarization- modules

Jing-Heng Chen, Po-Jen Hsieh, Der-Chin Su, and Jung-Chieh Su

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Abstract

In this paper we proposed an alternative type of multi-port polarization-independent optical quasi-circulator by using a pair of holographic spatial- and polarization- modules. The prototype is fabricated and experimentally tested. In addition, the operating principles, the characteristics and the performances of this device are discussed. The merits of this design include polarization-independence, compactness, high isolation, low polarization mode dispersion, and easy fabrication. Furthermore, the number of ports can be scaled up easily.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Structure and operation principle of the holographic spatial walk-off polarizer.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Structure and operation characteristics of the holographic spatial- and polarization- module.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Structure and operation characteristics of the series connected holographic spatial- and polarization- modules.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Operation characteristics of the series connected holographic spatial- and polarization- modules when an unpolarized light is shuttled between its two sides.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Structure and operation principles of the proposed multi-port optical quasi-circulator.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Structure and operation principles of the proposed multi-port optical quasi-circulator without polarization mode dispersion.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. PBSs and RPs guiding modules for (a) the odd ports; (b) the even ports.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1. Associated losses and isolation values a (in Decibels) of a 6-port quasi-circulator with wavelength 1300nm by using (a) our fabricated HSWPs; and (b) ideal HSWPs with anti-reflection coatings and diffraction efficiencies of ηs<1% and ηp>99%.

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Equations (6)

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[ x s ( 2 n − 1 ) x p ( 2 n − 1 ) ] = [ 2 ( n − 1 ) L 2 ( 1 − n ) L ] , ( for an odd port )
[ x s ( 2 n ) x p ( 2 n ) ] = [ 2 L 2 ( 2 − n ) L ] . ( for an even port )
[ x PBS ( 2 n − 1 ) z PBS ( 2 n − 1 ) x RP ( 2 n − 1 ) z RP ( 2 n − 1 ) ] = [ 2 ( n − 1 ) L ( − 2 n − 4 ) L 2 ( 1 − n ) L ( − 2 n − 4 ) L ] , ( for an odd port )
[ x PBS ( 2 n ) z PBS ( 2 n ) x RP ( 2 n ) z RP ( 2 n ) ] = [ 2 n L ( 2 n + 4 ) L 2 ( 2 − n ) L ( 2 n + 4 ) L ] , ( for an even port )
[ x M ( 2 n − 1 ) z M ( 2 n − 1 ) ] = [ 2 ( 1 − n ) L ( − 2 n − 4 ) L ] , ( for an odd port )
[ x M ( 2 n ) z M ( 2 n ) ] = [ 2 n L ( 2 n + 4 ) L ] , ( for an even port )
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