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Size selective trapping with optical “cogwheel” tweezers

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Abstract

We experimentally investigate the size-selective trapping behavior of Laguerre-Gaussian beams (“doughnut-beams”) and “cogwheel”-shaped beams which are collinear superpositions of two doughnut beams of equal opposite helical index. Experimentally they are created by diffraction of a Gaussian laser beam at a high resolution refractive spatial light modulator (SLM). In the focus of an optical microscope such a beam looks similar to a “cogwheel”, i.e. the light intensity is periodically modulated around the circumference of a sphere with a precisely adjustable diameter. In an optical tweezers setup these modes can be used to trap particles or cells, provided their sizes exceed the ring diameter by a fixed amount. This promises a convenient method of constructing an optical tweezers system in microscopy which acts as a passive sorter for particles of differing sizes.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Microscopic image of a slightly defocussed optical “cogwheel” of mode index l=10 (reflection at a glass coverslip) in the vicinity of two 5 µm beads for size comparison.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Diffractive optical tweezers with divergent beam illumination: A high resolution (1920×1200 pixels) reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) is illuminated by a laser beam which strongly diverges behind a first lens. Only laser light diffracted into the desired first order is re-collimated after diffraction at a computer designed hologram displayed at the SLM. A further set of two lenses couples this beam into the optical pathway of an inverted microscope, where it is used to trap particles in different kinds of advanced optical traps. The inset shows example holograms displayed at the SLM for producing a doughnut mode (1) or a “cogwheel” mode (2).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Left: Experimentally determined trap stiffness parameters for beads of various diameters, trapped in “cogwheel” modes of the same light intensity with different azimuthal mode indices. The horizontal lines are inserted as guides for the eye. Right: Maximal “cogwheel” diameters just able to trap a bead of fixed size as a function of the corresponding bead diameter. The insert demonstrates the application to living yeast cells.
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