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White-light continuum Z-scan technique for nonlinear materials characterization

Mihaela Balu, Joel Hales, David J. Hagan, and Eric W. Van Stryland

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We present a technique for rapid characterization of degenerate nonlinear absorption and refraction spectra using a femtosecond white-light continuum (WLC) pulse to perform Z-scans. The spectral components of the WLC source are temporally and spatially dispersed to minimize nondegenerate two-photon absorption (2PA) processes. We demonstrate the validity of the method by measuring the 2PA spectrum of a well-characterized semiconductor, ZnSe.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. WLC Z-scan experimental setup. CPA-2001-femtosecond source; WP-waveplate; P-polarizer; L-lens; GP-glass prism; M-mirror; NBF-narrow band filter; BS-beamsplitter; S-sample; D1, D2-detectors. A and B denote the positions of additional elements inserted in the set-up. NBF(SW) is used only in the single wavelength configuration discussed in the text with the other two NBF’s removed.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Normalized Z-scan transmittances of ZnSe measured at 650nm for a) the WLC configuration and b) the SW configuration. The solid lines represent fittings used to extract β values.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Normalized Z-scan transmittance of ZnSe measured at 670nm with the WLC beam temporally dispersed. The solid lines represent fittings used to extract β values a) WLC configuration, b) SW configuration.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Normalized Z-scan transmittance of ZnSe measured at 670nm with the WLC beam temporally and spatially dispersed. The solid lines represent fittings used to extract β values a) WLC configuration, b) SW configuration.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Normalized Z-scan transmittance of ZnSe measured at different wavelengths with the WLC beam temporally and spatially dispersed. The solid lines represent fittings used to extract β values. Z-scan traces are shifted from their original positions for an easier view.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. 2PA coefficient, β, values obtained from theory and from the experimental data fittings.

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