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Leakage properties of photonic crystal fibers

D. Ferrarini, L. Vincetti, M. Zoboli, A. Cucinotta, and S. Selleri

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

An analysis of the confinement losses in photonic crystal fibers due to the finite numbers of air holes is performed by means of the finite element method. The high flexibility of the numerical method allows to consider fibers with regular lattices, like the triangular and the honeycomb ones, and circular holes, but also fibers with more complicated cross sections like the cobweb fiber. Numerical results show that by increasing the number of air hole rings the attenuation constant decreases. This dependence is very strong for triangular and cobweb fibers, whereas it is very weak for the honeycomb one.

©2002 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a): triangular fiber with four hole rings. The lines with different colors show different rings: black first ring, red second one, yellow third one, and blue fourth one. The dashed lines shows the quarter of the structure considered in the analysis. (b): main component of the magnetic field for a fiber having two rings, d/Λ = 0.3 and Λ = 2.3μm.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a): confinement loss as a function of hole diameter d normalized to pitch Λ = 2.3μm for different numbers of rings. (b): confinement loss as a function of pitch Λ for different ratios d/Λ. In both cases a wavelength λ = 1.55μm is assumed

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Confinement loss as a function of the wavelength λ for different numbers of rings and d/Λ = 0.5. (a) Λ = 2.3μm; (b) Λ = 4.6μm,

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a): honeycomb fiber with three hole rings. The circles with different colors show different rings: red first ring and black second one. The dashed lines shows the quarter of the structure considered in the analysis. (b): fundamental mode profile of a honeycomb fiber having three rings and d/Λ = 0.41 at the wavelength λ = 1.55μm.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a): confinement loss as a function of numbers of rings at the wavelength λ = 1.55μm and for d/Λ = 0.41 red line and for d/Λ = 0.55 green line. (b): confinement loss as a function of the wavelength λ for different numbers of rings and d/Λ = 0.41. In both cases Λ = 1.62μm is assumed.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a): cross sections of the cobweb fiber with one (top) and three (bottom) rings. (b): confinement loss as a function of the wavelength for different ring numbers.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

∇ ¯ × ( ε ̿ r − 1 ∇ ¯ × h ¯ ) − k 0 2 μ ̿ r h ¯ = 0
( [ A ] − ( γ k 0 ) 2 [ B ] ) { H } = 0
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