Abstract

We synthesized Er³⁺-Yb³⁺, Pr³⁺-Yb³⁺, and Er³⁺-Pr³⁺-Yb³⁺-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing CaF₂ nanocrystals by proper thermal treatments. Spectral characteristics of down- and up-converted emissions in three kinds of glass ceramics under 365-nm and 980-nm excitations were compared and explained by cross relaxations, excited-state absorptions, and energy-transfer processes between different ions. The huge reduction of up-conversion emission in the triply doped glass ceramics under 980-nm excitation compared to the Er³⁺-Yb³⁺ codoped one was explained by the split pump power and the direct energy transfer from Er³⁺ to Pr³⁺ ions. Increasing Yb³⁺ concentration from 2% to 10% in the triply doped glass ceramics showed more than quadratic enhancement of the absorbed power, and we explained it by the enhanced energy-transfer efficiency from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺ ions. We also observed enhanced up-converted emissions of Er³⁺ and Pr³⁺ ions in three kinds of glass ceramics under simultaneous excitation at 980 nm and 1550 nm, and suggested detailed up-conversion mechanisms.

© 2016 Optical Society of Korea

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