Abstract

The manipulation of atoms by using a microwave (MW) field in precise atomic measurement and atomic chips is experiencing a renaissance. In this article, we study the magnetic dipole interaction (MDI) between a neutral $^{87}{\rm Rb}$ atom and a single-cycle MW field. Based on the strict analytic expression of the MW pulsed field radiated by the double $L$-type dipole transmitter, the MDI is simulated for different initial atom states and different detunings of the MW pulse. Our results show that the MDI can reach about one times the gravity of the atom, and it can change from a defocusing force to a focusing force on the coherent state atom depending on the distance from the emitter. Finally, the transient evolution of the coherent population transfer driven by the MW pulse is discussed. We hope that our calculation may help in understanding the coupling between an ultrashort MW field and an atom.

© 2020 Optical Society of America

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