Theoretical investigation of the capture effect in IMDD-based microwave photonic mixers

M. Mahdi Keshavarz; S. Esmail Hosseini

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.35.002876

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 35,
Issue 11,
pp. 2876-2888
(2018)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.35.002876

Theoretical investigation of the capture effect in IMDD-based microwave photonic mixers

M. Mahdi Keshavarz and S. Esmail Hosseini

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M. Mahdi Keshavarz and S. Esmail Hosseini, "Theoretical investigation of the capture effect in IMDD-based microwave photonic mixers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35, 2876-2888 (2018)

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Abstract

We study the large-signal behavior of microwave photonic (MWP) mixers to investigate the small-signal suppression phenomenon commonly referred to as the capture effect. We introduce and theoretically study the capture effect in the context of MWP mixers. Theoretical expressions are derived for calculating the capture effect in three basic MWP mixer types based on intensity-modulation direct-detection (IMDD). We show that the capture effect not only is a function of the power ratio between the input radio-frequency (RF) signals to the MWP mixers, but also depends on the absolute value of their powers. In addition, it is shown that the capture effect of an IMDD-based MWP mixer depends on the fiber dispersion and chirping of the optical modulator, but does not depend on the noise of its components and bias drift of the optical modulator. We extend the study to different unequal-power frequency components of a signal, and as a practical example, we investigate the capture effect when a narrowband FM signal is applied to the RF input of an IMDD-based MWP mixer, theoretically demonstrating considerations and limitations in using MWP mixers.

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$P_{{RF}_{1}} (mW)$	$Δ P_{i} (dB)$	$Δ P_{o} (dB)$	$Δ (dB)$	Mixer Operation	Result
5	10	10.52	0.52	$IBO ≃ 15 dB$	Low Capture
15	5	6.40	1.40	$IBO ≃ 5 dB$	Capture Effect
15	10	11.78	1.78	$IBO ≃ 5 dB$	Capture Effect
25	5	7.82	2.82	$IBO ≃ 0 dB$	Capture Effect
25	10	13.48	3.48	$IBO ≃ 0 dB$	Capture Effect
35	10	15.97	5.97	$≃ 1.5 dB$ Over Saturation*	High Capture Effect
60	5	27.56	22.56	$≃ 4 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Capture Effect
90	5	−0.76	−5.76	$≃ 6 dB$ Over Saturation*	Negative Suppression
120	5	−14.98	−19.98	$≃ 7 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Negative Suppression
150	5	−40.90	−45.90	$≃ 8 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Negative Suppression

Cases	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 1$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 2$	$β = 0.07 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.12 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 5$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 7$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 10$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 13$
$Δ (dB)$	$- 3 \times 10^{- 3}$	−0.01	−1.1	−1.75	−2.88	−0.03	−6.37	−10.25	−16.23

$P_{{RF}_{1}} (mW)$	$Δ P_{i} (dB)$	$Δ P_{o} (dB)$	$Δ (dB)$	Mixer Operation	Result
5	10	10.52	0.52	$IBO ≃ 15 dB$	Low Capture
15	5	6.40	1.40	$IBO ≃ 5 dB$	Capture Effect
15	10	11.78	1.78	$IBO ≃ 5 dB$	Capture Effect
25	5	7.82	2.82	$IBO ≃ 0 dB$	Capture Effect
25	10	13.48	3.48	$IBO ≃ 0 dB$	Capture Effect
35	10	15.97	5.97	$≃ 1.5 dB$ Over Saturation*	High Capture Effect
60	5	27.56	22.56	$≃ 4 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Capture Effect
90	5	−0.76	−5.76	$≃ 6 dB$ Over Saturation*	Negative Suppression
120	5	−14.98	−19.98	$≃ 7 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Negative Suppression
150	5	−40.90	−45.90	$≃ 8 dB$ Over Saturation*	Extreme Negative Suppression

Cases	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 1$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 2$	$β = 0.07 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.12 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 3.8$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 5$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 7$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 10$	$β = 0.09 {\bar{A}}_{c} = 13$
$Δ (dB)$	$- 3 \times 10^{- 3}$	−0.01	−1.1	−1.75	−2.88	−0.03	−6.37	−10.25	−16.23

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Equations (59)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B