Abstract

Signal excited-state absorption (ESA) in a bismuth oxide-based erbium-doped fiber (EDF) amplifier was investigated in numerical and experimental ways. The signal ESA cross-section of the bismuth oxide-based EDF was first measured by using a especially devised numerical-prediction technique that can give an accurate value for an arbitrary EDF length. Using a range of numerical simulations based on the measured signal ESA cross-section as well as experimental measurements, the signal ESA’s impact on the gain and noise figure was investigated. The signal ESA reduces the amplification bandwidth by $\sim 7\text{\hspace{0.17em} nm}$ compared with that of the theoretical gain bandwidth that can be obtained without signal ESA. The longer wavelength limit of the amplification band was estimated to be $\sim 1632\text{\hspace{0.17em} nm}$.

© 2010 Optical Society of America

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