Abstract
A new method based on quantum encoders is developed for implementing quantum computational gates, especially the CNOT gate. Photonic qubits are used where ∣0⟩ and ∣1⟩ represent horizontal and vertical polarized photons, respectively. By the use of polarizing beam splitters (PBSs) and entangled two-photon states in a certain experimental scheme, each input qubit state is copied, with a certain probability of success, into four equivalent input qubit states. The present method concentrates on the special case where the initial two-qubit state is separable. The CNOT gate (multiplied by 2) is decomposed into a summation of four unitary matrices each of dimension and where each of these unitary matrices operates on a corresponding copy of the input two-qubit state. By adding the amplitudes of the four two-qubit states, which is obtained in a decoding interference experiment, the CNOT gate is implemented.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
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