Abstract

The photorefractive properties of ${\mathrm{Sn}}_2{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_6$ crystals in the wavelength range from $633\text{to}1064\mathrm{nm}$ are investigated. Conventional yellow and modified brown crystals with a variation of nonstoichiometric defects are examined. Brown crystals respond much faster and exhibit substantially higher photorefractive gain than yellow crystals, up to $18{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}$ at $780\mathrm{nm}$ and $8.5{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}$ at $1064\mathrm{nm}$. Ring-cavity self-pumped phase conjugation is demonstrated using both types of crystal. The phase-conjugate response of brown ${\mathrm{Sn}}_2{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_6$ is 2 orders of magnitude faster than in yellow ${\mathrm{Sn}}_2{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_6$ or Rh-doped $\mathrm{Ba}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_3$, with a grating recording time below $50\mathrm{ms}$ for $30\mathrm{mW}$ power at $860\mathrm{nm}$. Various thresholding effects are analyzed to determine the optimal wavelength range for the two types of crystal. We find an optimum in the range of $650–950\mathrm{nm}$ for yellow and in the range of $850–1100\mathrm{nm}$ for brown ${\mathrm{Sn}}_2{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_6$.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

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