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Photorefractive fixing phenomena in α-phase proton-exchanged LiNbO 3 waveguides

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Abstract

Fixing experiments have been carried out in undoped α-phase proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides at room temperature and 110°C. Above room temperature, the recording kinetics of the diffraction efficiency exhibits a maximum ηmax and then decays to zero. Upon raising the temperature, ηmax decreases and the associated rise and decay times become progressively shorter. After fixing at 90°C and subsequent optical developing at room temperature, the developed value rises up to ηdev2.5ηmax, showing a lifetime of a few hours in the dark and a few days under homogeneous illumination. Time constants for recording, dark decay, and developing have been measured as a function of temperature. Experimental dependences are reasonably simulated by using the standard model for fixing with the same parameters as with bulk LiNbO3, except the electron thermal ionization rate and the proton concentration, which are much greater in α-phase guides.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

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