Growth, spectroscopic characterization, and laser performance of Nd:LuVO<sub>4</sub> a new infrared laser material that is suitable for diode pumping

C. Maunier; J. L. Doualan; R. Moncorgé; A. Speghini; M. Bettinelli; E. Cavalli

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.19.001794

Growth, spectroscopic characterization, and laser performance of Nd:LuVO₄ a new infrared laser material that is suitable for diode pumping

C. Maunier, J. L. Doualan, R. Moncorgé, A. Speghini, M. Bettinelli, and E. Cavalli

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 19,
Issue 8,
pp. 1794-1800
(2002)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.19.001794

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C. Maunier, J. L. Doualan, R. Moncorgé, A. Speghini, M. Bettinelli, and E. Cavalli, "Growth, spectroscopic characterization, and laser performance of Nd:LuVO₄ a new infrared laser material that is suitable for diode pumping," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 1794-1800 (2002)

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The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Lasers, solid-state (140.3580)
- Rare-earth-doped materials (160.5690)
- Spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence (300.6280)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: January 17, 2002
- Revised Manuscript: March 25, 2002
- Published: August 1, 2002

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Abstract

The spectroscopic properties and laser operation of a new neodymium-doped vanadate crystal, $Nd : {LuVO}_{4},$ grown by the flux technique are reported. Polarized absorption and emission spectra were recorded at low and room temperatures, excited-state absorption was measured near 1060 and 1340 nm, and laser emission at 1066 nm was obtained after pumping near 809 and 880 nm.

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Energy Level(s)	Measured Positions	Calculated Positions
$^{4} I_{9 / 2}$	0, 118, 171, 270, 473	0, 131, 161, 250, 456
$^{4} I_{11 / 2}$	1969, 1990, 2028, 2065, 2140, 2176	1954, 1986, 2046, 2088, 2132, 2163
$^{4} I_{13 / 2}$	3900, 3926, 3982, ?, 4094, ?, 4174	3904, 3936, 3981, 4074, 4090, 4157, 4160
$^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	5816, 5876, 5904, ?, ?, ?, 6276, 6343	5831, 5862, 5905, 6046, 6207, 6253, 6280, 6346
$^{4} F_{3 / 2}$	11,360, 11,397	11,361, 11,396
$^{4} F_{5 / 2} +^{2} H (2)_{9 / 2}$	12,360, 12,404, 12,410, 12,481, 12,494, 12,541, 12,612, ?	12,334, 12,413, 12,427, 12,448, 12,495, 12,534, 12,639, 12,651
$^{4} F_{7 / 2} +^{4} S_{3 / 2}$	13,317, 13,335, 13,398, 13,463, ?, 13,470	13,319, 13,325, 13,406, 13,463, 13,465, 13,468
$^{4} F_{9 / 2}$	?, 14,603, 14,635, 14,725, 14,751	14,585, 14,607, 14,630, 14,724, 14,753
$^{2} H (2)_{11 / 2}$	15,765, ?, 15,800, ?, ?, 15,860	15,776, 15,784, 15,798, 15,811, 15,829, 15,854
$^{4} G_{5 / 2} +^{2} G_{7 / 2}$	16,815, 16,846, 16,929, 16,961, 17,179, 17,218, 17,262
$^{4} G_{7 / 2}$	18,765, 18,822, 18,862, 18,925
$^{2} K_{13 / 2} +^{4} G_{9 / 2}$	19,201, 19,242, 19,294, 19,305, 19,324, 19,331, 19,365, 19,433, 19,600
$^{2} K_{15 / 2} +^{2} G (1)_{9 / 2} +^{2} D (1)_{3 / 2} +^{4} G_{11 / 2}$	20,838, 20,872, 20,907, 21,128, 21,097, 21,209, 21,240, 21,400, 21,455, 21,501
$^{2} P_{1 / 2}$	23,047
$^{2} D_{5 / 2}$	23,585, 23,624

Title	Nd-Doped Material
Title	Nd:LuVO4	Nd:YVO4	Nd:GdVO4	Nd:YAG	Nd:YLF
$σ_{abs}$ at 800 nm	69	57	52	6.1	4.8
$Δ λ_{abs}$ (nm)	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.5
$σ_{em}$ at ∼1064 nm	146	135	76	27	18 at 1047 nm
$σ_{em}$ at ∼1320 nm	43	38	18	5.2	5.4 at 1313 nm
$τ_{fluo}$ (µs)	82	76	90	240	520
Reference	This work	19	20	21, 22	22

$Ω_{2}$ $(\times 10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$	10.16 (π:7.27, σ:11.60)
$Ω_{4}$ $(\times 10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$	11.60 (π:22.12, σ:6.34)
$Ω_{6}$ $(\times 10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$	10.23 (π:10.92, σ:9.89)
$β (^{4} F_{3 / 2} \to^{4} I_{9 / 2})$	0.46
$β (^{4} F_{3 / 2} \to^{4} I_{11 / 2})$	0.45
$β (^{4} F_{3 / 2} \to^{4} I_{13 / 2})$	0.08
$β (^{4} F_{3 / 2} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2})$	0.01
$τ_{rad}$ (µs)	65

Polarization	π	σ	Effective
$C_{FD}^{1060}$	28	12.4	17.6
$C_{FD}^{1340}$	10,270	200.4	3557
$C_{m}$	10,130	226.3	3527

Energy Level(s)	Measured Positions	Calculated Positions
$^{4} I_{9 / 2}$	0, 118, 171, 270, 473	0, 131, 161, 250, 456
$^{4} I_{11 / 2}$	1969, 1990, 2028, 2065, 2140, 2176	1954, 1986, 2046, 2088, 2132, 2163
$^{4} I_{13 / 2}$	3900, 3926, 3982, ?, 4094, ?, 4174	3904, 3936, 3981, 4074, 4090, 4157, 4160
$^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	5816, 5876, 5904, ?, ?, ?, 6276, 6343	5831, 5862, 5905, 6046, 6207, 6253, 6280, 6346
$^{4} F_{3 / 2}$	11,360, 11,397	11,361, 11,396
$^{4} F_{5 / 2} +^{2} H (2)_{9 / 2}$	12,360, 12,404, 12,410, 12,481, 12,494, 12,541, 12,612, ?	12,334, 12,413, 12,427, 12,448, 12,495, 12,534, 12,639, 12,651
$^{4} F_{7 / 2} +^{4} S_{3 / 2}$	13,317, 13,335, 13,398, 13,463, ?, 13,470	13,319, 13,325, 13,406, 13,463, 13,465, 13,468
$^{4} F_{9 / 2}$	?, 14,603, 14,635, 14,725, 14,751	14,585, 14,607, 14,630, 14,724, 14,753
$^{2} H (2)_{11 / 2}$	15,765, ?, 15,800, ?, ?, 15,860	15,776, 15,784, 15,798, 15,811, 15,829, 15,854
$^{4} G_{5 / 2} +^{2} G_{7 / 2}$	16,815, 16,846, 16,929, 16,961, 17,179, 17,218, 17,262
$^{4} G_{7 / 2}$	18,765, 18,822, 18,862, 18,925
$^{2} K_{13 / 2} +^{4} G_{9 / 2}$	19,201, 19,242, 19,294, 19,305, 19,324, 19,331, 19,365, 19,433, 19,600
$^{2} K_{15 / 2} +^{2} G (1)_{9 / 2} +^{2} D (1)_{3 / 2} +^{4} G_{11 / 2}$	20,838, 20,872, 20,907, 21,128, 21,097, 21,209, 21,240, 21,400, 21,455, 21,501
$^{2} P_{1 / 2}$	23,047
$^{2} D_{5 / 2}$	23,585, 23,624

Title	Output-Coupler Transmission (%)
Title	17		4.5		8
$λ_{abs}$ (nm)	809	880	809	880	809	880
Slope efficiency (%)	33	35	47	54	60	66
Threshold (mW)	27	26	30	28	38	33

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