Abstract

The entanglement concentration protocols (ECPs) are presented for distilling the maximally entangled state from a known partially entangled $n$-photon Bell-class and $W$ state, respectively, only resorting to the linear optical elements and quantum nondemolition detector. Different from the traditional parity check with a single photon as an ancilla, we use linear optical elements for changing the photon paths to realize the concentration. The total success probability of the concentration for $n$-photon entangled states is calculated. The present protocols only require a partially entangled state and do not need any single auxiliary particle. By iterating the ECP repeatedly, the maximal success probability can be increased. Meanwhile, the present protocols are more suitable for the photon system due to the simple operations.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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