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A three-dimensional color space from the 13th century

Hannah E. Smithson, Greti Dinkova-Bruun, Giles E. M. Gasper, Mike Huxtable, Tom C. B. McLeish, and Cecilia Panti

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Abstract

We present a new commentary on Robert Grosseteste’s De colore, a short treatise that dates from the early 13th century, in which Grosseteste constructs a linguistic combinatorial account of color. In contrast to other commentaries (e.g., Kuehni & Schwarz, Color Ordered: A Survey of Color Order Systems from Antiquity to the Present, 2007, p. 36), we argue that the color space described by Grosseteste is explicitly three-dimensional. We seek the appropriate translation of Grosseteste’s key terms, making reference both to Grosseteste’s other works and the broader intellectual context of the 13th century, and to modern color spaces.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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Figures (2)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) RGB color space; (b) a rotation of the RGB space, in which the achromatic axis ( R = G = B ) is vertically aligned; (c) achromatic axis and a chromatic plane, spanned by a red-green and a blue-yellow axis; (d) achromatic plane, showing variation in hue (azimuthally) and saturation (radially).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Cubic representation of the geometry described in the De colore, with whiteness at the corner (111) and blackness at the corner (000). (b) Three vectors identified by reduction of one of the three qualities. (c) Three vectors identified by simultaneous reduction of two of the three qualities. (d) Vector identified by simultaneous reduction of all three qualities.

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