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On the usual approximation used in the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory

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Abstract

The complete Rayleigh–Sommerfeld scalar diffraction formula contains (1-ikR) in the integrand. Usually the wavelength is small compared with the distance of the observation point from the aperture and (1-ikR) is approximated by -ikR alone. Other approximations usually made in the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld formula are addressed as well. Closed-form solutions, without approximations, are possible wherein interesting consequences of these approximations become apparent.

© 2004 Optical Society of America

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