Victor Kaufman and Jack Sugar, "Wavelengths, classifications, and ionization energies in the isoelectronic sequences from Yb ii and Yb iii through Bi xv and Bi xvi†," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 66, 1019-1025 (1976)
Spectral observations are reported for transitions to the ground term and first excited term of the one-electron configurations in the 4f145p6nl isoelectronic sequence from Yb ii through Bi xv. Resonance lines are reported for the isoelectronic sequence Yb iii through Bi xvi in which the ground state is 4f145p61S0 and the upper levels are the J = 1 levels of the 4f135p6nd, 4f145p5nd, and 4f145p5ns configurations. The wavelengths fall in the range 70–3700 Å. The spectra were produced by means of sliding and triggered spark discharges and photographed with 10.7 m normal and grazing incidence spectrographs. The data in the Yb iii sequence demonstrate the crossing of binding energies of the 4f and 5p shells at W vii. Rydberg series terms were found in a sufficient number of cases to provide extrapolation curves through Bi xv and Bi xvi. These data enabled us to calculate ionization energies for each of these ions with an uncertainty of ~1% or better.
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Observed spectral lines of the Yb ii one-electron-like isoelectronic sequence. The ground level is 6s2S1/2 in Yb ii and Lu iii, and is 5d2D3/2 for the others. Wavelengths in vacuum are given below 2100 Å.
The 5d–6p multiplet is calculated from known levels of Ref. 5. The 6s–6p multiplet is quoted from Ref. 5. The 5d–5f lines are identified in Ref. 6 but new measurements are given here.
Classifications are from Ref. 8. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
Classifications are from Refs. 1 and 2 but new measurements are given here.
Classifications are from Ref. 3 and wavelengths are from Ref. 19. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
Classifications are from Ref. 4. New measurements are given here.
Classifications and wavelengths are from Ref. 20. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
TABLE II
Observed resonance lines of the Yb iii isoelectronic sequence. The ground state is 41145s25p6 1S0, The excited states given in column 1 are the J = 1 levels denoted in J1j coupling. Lines in parentheses are predicted by least-squares-adjusted calculations. Lines given without intensity are calculated from known levels. All wavelengths are measured in vacuum except for the Yb iii line at 2516.815 Å.
Classifications are from Ref. 7. New measurements of lines below 2000 Å are given here.
Data taken from Ref. 9.
Data taken from Refs. 10 and 12.
Data taken from Ref. 11. Lines from 14136d are newly identified.
Data taken from Ref. 12.
TABLE III
Ionization energies for Yb ii isoelectronic sequence derived from 4f14ns series. The conversion factor 1 eV = 8065.479 cm−1 given in Ref. 22 was used.
Results quoted from Ref. 6. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–10).
Results quoted from Ref. 8. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–10).
Results quoted from Ref. 10. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–8).
Results quoted from Ref. 20. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–8).
Result differs from that of Ref. 4 by 1200 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Results quoted from Ref. 21.
TABLE IV
Ionization energies for Yb iii isoelectronic sequence derived from 4f13ns series through W vii and from 5p5ns thereafter. The conversion factor 1 eV = 8065.479 cm−1 given in Ref. 22 was used.
Result differs from that of Ref. 7 by 2793 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Result differs from that of Ref. 9 by 460 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Result differs from that of Ref. 10 by 160 cm−1 due to our use only of levels based on the lower core state.
Results differs from that of Ref. 11 by 120 cm−1 due to our use only of levels based on the lower core state.
Data quoted from Ref. 12.
Tables (4)
TABLE I
Observed spectral lines of the Yb ii one-electron-like isoelectronic sequence. The ground level is 6s2S1/2 in Yb ii and Lu iii, and is 5d2D3/2 for the others. Wavelengths in vacuum are given below 2100 Å.
The 5d–6p multiplet is calculated from known levels of Ref. 5. The 6s–6p multiplet is quoted from Ref. 5. The 5d–5f lines are identified in Ref. 6 but new measurements are given here.
Classifications are from Ref. 8. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
Classifications are from Refs. 1 and 2 but new measurements are given here.
Classifications are from Ref. 3 and wavelengths are from Ref. 19. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
Classifications are from Ref. 4. New measurements are given here.
Classifications and wavelengths are from Ref. 20. The 6s–6p wavelengths are centers of gravity of the hfs.
TABLE II
Observed resonance lines of the Yb iii isoelectronic sequence. The ground state is 41145s25p6 1S0, The excited states given in column 1 are the J = 1 levels denoted in J1j coupling. Lines in parentheses are predicted by least-squares-adjusted calculations. Lines given without intensity are calculated from known levels. All wavelengths are measured in vacuum except for the Yb iii line at 2516.815 Å.
Classifications are from Ref. 7. New measurements of lines below 2000 Å are given here.
Data taken from Ref. 9.
Data taken from Refs. 10 and 12.
Data taken from Ref. 11. Lines from 14136d are newly identified.
Data taken from Ref. 12.
TABLE III
Ionization energies for Yb ii isoelectronic sequence derived from 4f14ns series. The conversion factor 1 eV = 8065.479 cm−1 given in Ref. 22 was used.
Results quoted from Ref. 6. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–10).
Results quoted from Ref. 8. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–10).
Results quoted from Ref. 10. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–8).
Results quoted from Ref. 20. Limit is from ns series (n = 6–8).
Result differs from that of Ref. 4 by 1200 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Results quoted from Ref. 21.
TABLE IV
Ionization energies for Yb iii isoelectronic sequence derived from 4f13ns series through W vii and from 5p5ns thereafter. The conversion factor 1 eV = 8065.479 cm−1 given in Ref. 22 was used.
Result differs from that of Ref. 7 by 2793 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Result differs from that of Ref. 9 by 460 cm−1 due to a different choice of a value for Δn*.
Result differs from that of Ref. 10 by 160 cm−1 due to our use only of levels based on the lower core state.
Results differs from that of Ref. 11 by 120 cm−1 due to our use only of levels based on the lower core state.
Data quoted from Ref. 12.
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