Refractive-Index Measurements of Some Low-Temperature Liquids

L. Y. Wong; A. Anderson

doi:10.1364/JOSA.62.000219

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 62,
Issue 2,
pp. 219-222
(1972)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.62.000219

Refractive-Index Measurements of Some Low-Temperature Liquids

L. Y. Wong and A. Anderson

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L. Y. Wong and A. Anderson, "Refractive-Index Measurements of Some Low-Temperature Liquids," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 62, 219-222 (1972)

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Abstract

A cryostat with a wedge-shaped sample cell has been used for refractive-index measurements of liquids in the temperature range 130–260 K. Results obtained with the 6328-Å line of a helium-neon laser on eight liquids (NH₃, SO₂, H₂S, HCl, HBr, OCS, N₂O, and Cl₂) are presented; the temperature variation of the refractive indices is found to be linear over the liquid range of these samples. Values of the molecular refractivity calculated from these data are in good agreement with estimates from the gas phase, showing that intermolecular effects on the polarizability are small.

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Sample	Refractive index^a n at 6328 Å	Angle of deviation δ	Prism angle α
Acetone	1.3580	18° 4′	37° 18′
Benzene	1.4984	27° 33′	37° 5′
Carbon Disulfide	1.6214	41° 25′	37° 21′
Carbon Tetrachloride	1.4589	24° 34′	37° 7′
Chloroform	1.4451	23° 8′	36° 47′
Ethanol	1.3609	18° 7′	37° 9′
Methanol	1.3281	16° 9′	37° 9′
Toluene	1.4926	27° 4′	37° 5′

Sample	n_B.P.	T_B.P.(K)	n_M.P.	T_M.P.(K)	(∂n/∂T) (K⁻¹)	Δn/ $\bar{n}$	Previous values n_D (D line) at T(K)
Ammonia	1.360	239.80	1.384	195.45	−5.42 × 10⁻⁴	1.8 %	1.355^a	218.15
Chlorine	1.438	238.55	1.487	170.15	−7.10 × 10⁻⁴	3.4 %	1.367^b
Carbonyl Sulfide	1.348	222.95	1.428	134.95	−9.15 × 10⁻⁴	5.8 %
Hydrogen Bromide	1.342	206.15	1.354	184.65	−5.55 × 10⁻⁴	0.9 %	1.325^b
Hydrogen Chloride	1.350	188.25	1.370	158.35	−6.45 × 10⁻⁴	1.5 %	1.245^c
Hydrogen Sulfide	1.456	212.45	1.474	187.65	−7.40 × 10⁻⁴	1.3 %	1.460^a	193.15
Nitrous Oxide	1.328	184.65	1.332	182.35	−15.15 × 10⁻⁴	0.26%	1.330^a	183.15
Sulfur Dioxide	1.361	263.15	1.399	200.45	−6.15 × 10⁻⁴	2.8 %	1.410^c

Sample	Molecular^a refractivity, gas at STP R_g (cm³)	Liquid density^b		Refractive^c index of liquid n at T (K)	Molecular refractivity, liquid R_L (cm³)	Molecular polarizability α (cm³)

		ρT	T(K)
Ammonia	5.62	0.6755	239.80	1.360	5.57	22.1 × 10⁻²⁵
Chlorine	11.55	1.5639	238.55	1.438	11.90	47.2 × 10⁻²⁵
Carbonyl Sulfide		1.24	186.15	1.382	11.28	44.7 × 10⁻²⁵
Hydrogen Bromide	8.52	2.1522	206.15	1.342	7.92	31.4 × 10⁻²⁵
Hydrogen Chloride	6.68	1.1910	188.25	1.350	6.59	26.1 × 10⁻²⁵
Hydrogen Sulfide	9.46	0.964	213.05	1.457	9.63	38.2 × 10⁻²⁵
Nitrous Oxide	7.71	1.2257	183.75	1.331	7.35	29.1 × 10⁻²⁵
Sulfur Dioxide	10.25	1.4601	263.15	1.361	9.71	38.5 × 10⁻²⁵

Sample	Refractive index^a n at 6328 Å	Angle of deviation δ	Prism angle α
Acetone	1.3580	18° 4′	37° 18′
Benzene	1.4984	27° 33′	37° 5′
Carbon Disulfide	1.6214	41° 25′	37° 21′
Carbon Tetrachloride	1.4589	24° 34′	37° 7′
Chloroform	1.4451	23° 8′	36° 47′
Ethanol	1.3609	18° 7′	37° 9′
Methanol	1.3281	16° 9′	37° 9′
Toluene	1.4926	27° 4′	37° 5′

Sample	n_B.P.	T_B.P.(K)	n_M.P.	T_M.P.(K)	(∂n/∂T) (K⁻¹)	Δn/ $\bar{n}$	Previous values n_D (D line) at T(K)
Ammonia	1.360	239.80	1.384	195.45	−5.42 × 10⁻⁴	1.8 %	1.355^a	218.15
Chlorine	1.438	238.55	1.487	170.15	−7.10 × 10⁻⁴	3.4 %	1.367^b
Carbonyl Sulfide	1.348	222.95	1.428	134.95	−9.15 × 10⁻⁴	5.8 %
Hydrogen Bromide	1.342	206.15	1.354	184.65	−5.55 × 10⁻⁴	0.9 %	1.325^b
Hydrogen Chloride	1.350	188.25	1.370	158.35	−6.45 × 10⁻⁴	1.5 %	1.245^c
Hydrogen Sulfide	1.456	212.45	1.474	187.65	−7.40 × 10⁻⁴	1.3 %	1.460^a	193.15
Nitrous Oxide	1.328	184.65	1.332	182.35	−15.15 × 10⁻⁴	0.26%	1.330^a	183.15
Sulfur Dioxide	1.361	263.15	1.399	200.45	−6.15 × 10⁻⁴	2.8 %	1.410^c

Abstract

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Journal of the Optical Society of America