Abstract

A method is proposed for analyzing the diapoint spot diagrams instead of the spot diagram in one or more image planes. This analysis leads to the consideration of only three typical errors for an off-axis point, which could be called spherical aberration, asymmetry, and deformation. An analysis of a large number of system types by Hildebrand leads us to suggest a simplification of the evaluation, in which we choose as reference the sagittal focus instead of the center of gravity, and the principal ray instead of the best straight line. This enables us at one glance to investigate the image analysis as a function of the aperture.

© 1968 Optical Society of America

Image Error Theory for Finite Aperture and FieldI. The Image of a Point; Geometry of the Wave Surface*,†

Max Herzberger
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 38(8) 736-738 (1948)

Light Distribution in the Optical Image*

M. Herzberger
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 37(6) 485-493 (1947)

Analysis of Spot Diagrams*

M. Herzberger
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 47(7) 584-594 (1957)

Image Error Theory for Finite Aperture and Field*

M. Herzberger and E. Marchand
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42(5) 306-321 (1952)

Intrinsic Image-Error Theory*

M. Herzberger
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46(2) 132-138 (1956)