Atmospheric Scattering Coefficients in the Visible and Infrared Regions

G. L. Knestrick; T. H. Cosden; J. A. Curcio

doi:10.1364/JOSA.52.001010

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 52,
Issue 9,
pp. 1010-1016
(1962)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.52.001010

Atmospheric Scattering Coefficients in the Visible and Infrared Regions

G. L. Knestrick, T. H. Cosden, and J. A. Curcio

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G. L. Knestrick, T. H. Cosden, and J. A. Curcio, "Atmospheric Scattering Coefficients in the Visible and Infrared Regions," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 52, 1010-1016 (1962)

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Abstract

Atmospheric spectral attenuation coefficients have been measured in ten narrow wavelength bands between 0.4 and 2.3 μ for a variety of weather conditions for two overwater, sea-level paths of 5.5 and 16.3 km. The wavelength bands were chosen so as to avoid molecular absorption and were isolated by interference filters. A 60-in.-diameter high-intensity source and a 24-in.-diameter narrow-field receiver were combined to yield relative scattering attenuation coefficients (σ) as a function of wavelength λ. These were then scaled using values obtained at one wavelength with a visual telephotometer. Logσ vs logλ curves show a wide range of slopes and shapes, with a tendency toward less slope in the infrared (indicating that σ is becoming independent of λ in the infrared). Some correlation with relative humidity was found for relative humidities greater than 70%. An anomalous slope reversal between 1.68 and 2.27 μ is discussed, and a possible explanation for the reversal is given as selective scattering by the aerosol at these wavelengths.

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Date		ppt, H₂O (cm)	RH (%)	T/km (at 0.67 μ)	0.40 μ	0.43 μ	0.46 μ	0.47 μ	0.56 μ	0.67 μ	0.78 μ	1.04 μ	1.68 μ	2.27 μ
April	8	6.3	40	0.88	0.24	0.225	0.190	0.175	0.170	0.130	0.115	0.122	0.065	0.070
	9	7.1	42	0.92	0.134	0.112	0.105	0.105	0.075	0.084	0.067	0.084	0.019	0.027
	13	2.9	70	0.90	0.24	0.210	0.180	0.185	0.145	0.105	0.109	0.096	0.045	0.032
	16	4.4	36	0.95	0.140	0.125	0.180	0.093	0.073	0.052	0.034	0.048	0.025	0.000
	21	4.6	79	0.88	⋯	⋯	0.210	0.200	0.185	0.122	0.112	0.100	0.045	0.034
	24	4.5	55	0.85–0.89	0.25	0.23	0.200	0.195	0.170	0.140	0.130	0.125	0.081	0.070
	27	7.0	94	0.49^a	1.36	1.26	1.17	1.10	0.98	0.71	0.68	0.53	0.38	0.34
	28	4.8	97	0.78^a	0.405	0.385	0.345	0.34	0.30	0.25	0.245	0.225	0.151	0.144
	29 (1100)	5.8	93	0.70^a	0.62	0.59	0.55	0.54	0.46	0.35	0.32	0.225	0.102	0.074
	29 (1300)	6.1	88	0.78^a	0.46	0.43	0.40	0.38	0.31	0.25	0.23	0.169	0.081	0.060
	30	4.0	36	0.60	0.69	0.67	0.63	0.64	0.58	0.505	0.48	0.385	0.28	0.26

Sept.	18	3.7	44	0.89	0.210	0.190	0.167	0.170	0.140	0.120	0.110	0.088	0.055	0.062
	22	9.8	81	0.79	0.40	0.37	0.32	0.30	0.24	0.23	0.194	0.150	0.093	0.112
	29 (0810)	11.0	⋯	0.78–0.70	0.38	0.345	0.325	0.325	0.305	0.29	0.26	0.245	0.183	0.182
	29 (0825)	11.0	⋯	0.70–0.67	0.49	0.46	0.445	0.44	0.405	0.38	0.34	0.315	0.255	0.24
	29 (0850)	11.0	⋯	0.78–0.73	0.365	0.345	0.33	0.315	0.295	0.28	0.25	0.24	0.181	0.176
	29 (0910)	11.0	⋯	0.65–0.75	0.425	0.40	0.38	0.385	0.36	0.345	0.31	0.30	0.235	0.26
	29 (0945)	11.0	⋯	0.79–0.77	0.335	0.305	0.29	0.285	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.21	0.158	0.176
	29 (1030)	11.0	95	0.77	0.33	0.31	0.29	0.285	0.265	0.265	0.235	0.235	0.173	0.204

Oct.	2	7.6	76	0.88	0.22	0.186	0.162	0.171	0.133	0.122	0.105	0.075	0.0405	0.052
	26	11.0	56	0.96	0.091	0.066	0.064	0.061	0.039	0.039	0.040	0.040	0.043	0.045
	27	11.5	58	0.92	0.165	0.153	0.136	0.133	0.095	0.087	0.073	0.066	0.053	0.048
	28	8.0	47	0.95	0.125	0.115	0.100	0.087	0.070	0.056	0.050	0.041	0.023	0.035
	29	9.0	59	0.94	0.157	0.137	0.115	0.105	0.072	0.064	0.061	0.051	0.030	0.041
	30	15.5	77	0.91	0.25	0.22	0.197	0.184	0.138	0.096	0.091	0.042	0.017	0.024

Nov.	2	7.0	45	0.96	0.078	0.064	0.059	0.052	0.035	0.039	0.027	0.033	0.014	0.023
	3	8.0	57	0.95	0.112	0.090	0.093	0.080	0.056	0.047	0.049	0.042	0.040	0.028
	4	13.0	49	0.92	0.159	0.127	0.122	0.107	0.097	0.087	0.070	0.064	0.060	0.063
	13	14.0	75	0.75						0.29	0.26	0.188	0.132	0.125
	20	7.0	58	0.91	0.196	0.174	0.146	0.149	0.118	0.090	0.080	0.066	0.044	0.0455
	30	4.2	38	0.95	0.099	0.101	0.085	0.072	0.055	0.056	0.046	0.041	0.031	0.033

Jan.	5	1.8	44	0.86^a	0.196	0.180	0.171	0.171	0.137	0.145	0.137	0.137	0.101	0.105
	13 (1110)	3.7	92	0.60	1.14	1.04	0.97	0.88	0.74	0.51	0.49	0.32	0.182	0.142
	13 (1135)	3.7	⋯	0.58–0.53^a	⋯	1.24	1.16	1.08	0.89	0.58	0.58	0.34	0.200	0.26
	13 (1345)	3.7	⋯	0.58^a	1.18	1.10	1.03	0.95	0.80	0.54	0.53	0.32	0.18	0.117
	13 (1440)	3.7	92	0.67^a	0.94	0.86	0.79	0.75	0.60	0.40	0.37	0.205	0.092	0.061
	13 (1520)	3.7	92	0.67^a	0.82	0.75	0.70	0.66	0.54	0.40	0.37	0.24	0.148	0.121

				Rayleigh	0.045	0.034	0.025	0.023	0.011	0.005	0.003	0.001	⋯	⋯

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Journal of the Optical Society of America