Abstract

The technique of near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy was used in order to test its use as a potential method for determining the rancidity of soybean oils undergoing autoxidation. Commercial soybean oil was used as a substrate and was oxidized at 75°C until the oxidized oil reached the hydroperoxide decomposition stage. Peroxide values (POVs) and acid values (AVs) of the substrate determined by the chemical method were correlated with NIR spectral absorbances. Two wavelengths (2080 and 2020 nm) were selected for the POV calibration, and the resulting coefficient of multiple determination for regression was quite high (r = 0.9970, SEC = 9.10 meq / kg oil and SEP = 9.67 meq / kg oil). The prediction of oil rancidity by NIR using POV as a reference was found to be accurate in the early stages of oxidation. However, it was undesirable to use the POV calibration equation for the determination of rancidity in the hydroperoxide decomposition stages. Three wavelengths (2008, 1442 and 1752 nm) were used for AV calibration. High correlations were achieved between chemically analyzed AVs and NIR predicted AVs (r = 0.9987, SEC = 0.127 mg KOH / g oil, and SEP = 0.137 mg KOH / g oil). The AV represented a good indicator for the determination of rancidity of oil undergoing thermal oxidation, whereas evaluation of rancidity using the POV has proven to be difficult due to hydroperoxide decomposition. The result of this study suggested that prediction of rancidity by NIR using POV calibration equation was more precise than using an AV calibration equation in hydroperoxide accumulation stages, whereas the AV calibration equation was a better predictor of oil rancidity than the POV calibration equation at higher POV ranges.

© 1998 NIR Publications

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  1. R.J. Hamilton, , “Classical analysis of oils and fats”, in Analysis of oils and fats. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, p.1 (1986).
  2. P.C. Williams, , Cereal Chem.  52, 561 (1975).
  3. T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).
  4. J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).
  5. R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).
  6. T. Sato, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  71, 293 (1994).
  7. J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).
  8. AOCS, , AOCS Official and Tentative Method , 2nd ed.Am. Oil Chem. Soc., Chicago (1964).
  9. C. Paquat, and A. Hautfenne, , Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives , 7th ed.Blackwell Scientific Publications, London (1987).
  10. P.C. Williams, and K.H. Norris, , “Qualitative applications of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy”, in Near-lnfrared Technology in The Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists Inc., Minnesota, USA, p.247 (1990).
  11. R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

1994 (2)

T. Sato, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  71, 293 (1994).

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

1991 (2)

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

1988 (1)

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

1975 (1)

P.C. Williams, , Cereal Chem.  52, 561 (1975).

1958 (1)

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

DeMan, J.M.

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

Hamilton, R.J.

R.J. Hamilton, , “Classical analysis of oils and fats”, in Analysis of oils and fats. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, p.1 (1986).

Hautfenne, A.

C. Paquat, and A. Hautfenne, , Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives , 7th ed.Blackwell Scientific Publications, London (1987).

Holman, R.T.

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

Hong, J.H.

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

Iwamoto, M.

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

Kawano, S.

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

Koseki, S.Y.

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

McDermott, L.

R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

Nickell, C.

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

Norris, K.H.

P.C. Williams, and K.H. Norris, , “Qualitative applications of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy”, in Near-lnfrared Technology in The Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists Inc., Minnesota, USA, p.247 (1990).

Panford, J.A.

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

Paquat, C.

C. Paquat, and A. Hautfenne, , Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives , 7th ed.Blackwell Scientific Publications, London (1987).

Privett, O. S.

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

Roy, R.B.

R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

Sato, T.

T. Sato, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  71, 293 (1994).

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

Williams, P.C.

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

P.C. Williams, , Cereal Chem.  52, 561 (1975).

P.C. Williams, and K.H. Norris, , “Qualitative applications of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy”, in Near-lnfrared Technology in The Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists Inc., Minnesota, USA, p.247 (1990).

Yasumoto, K.

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

Cereal Chem. (1)

P.C. Williams, , Cereal Chem.  52, 561 (1975).

J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. (5)

T. Sato and S. Kawano, and M. Iwamoto, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

J.A. Panford and J.M. DeMan, and P.C. Williams, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  65, 500 (1988).

R.B. Roy, and L. McDermott, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  68, 827 (1991).

T. Sato, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  71, 293 (1994).

R.T. Holman and C. Nickell, and O. S. Privett, , J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.  35, 422 (1958).

Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi (1)

J.H. Hong and S.Y. Koseki, and K. Yasumoto, , Nippon Shokukin Kogyo Gakkaishi  41, 277 (1994).

Other (4)

AOCS, , AOCS Official and Tentative Method , 2nd ed.Am. Oil Chem. Soc., Chicago (1964).

C. Paquat, and A. Hautfenne, , Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives , 7th ed.Blackwell Scientific Publications, London (1987).

P.C. Williams, and K.H. Norris, , “Qualitative applications of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy”, in Near-lnfrared Technology in The Agricultural and Food Industries. American Association of Cereal Chemists Inc., Minnesota, USA, p.247 (1990).

R.J. Hamilton, , “Classical analysis of oils and fats”, in Analysis of oils and fats. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, p.1 (1986).

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