Abstract

We propose a photonic crystal fiber with a high refractive index ring, which supports up to 180 orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes without any high order radial modes from $1.5\ {\boldsymbol{um}}$ to $1.7\ {\boldsymbol{um}}$ . The finite element method is employed to numerically study the properties of the designed fiber. Further research shows that the refractive index differences of all the eigenmodes are above $2 \times {10^{ - 3}}$ , which indicates that the corresponding eigenmodes can be well-separated and ensures the stable transmission of OAM modes. In addition, it is quite interesting that the high order radial modes are significantly suppressed via increasing the radius of the cladding in the design, while most of the OAM modes are without phase distortion, which is beneficial for the (de)multiplexing of the OAM modes. Particularly, the mode quality of all the eigenmodes is higher than $94.9\% $ and the chromatic dispersion is flat with minimum value of the dispersion variation is 0.36 ps/(km·nm). Moreover, the designed fiber possesses various advantages such as low nonlinear coefficient ( $ < 0.7\ /{{\bf W}}/{{\bf km}}$ ) and confinement loss (on the order between ${10^{ - 12}}\ $ and ${10^{ - 7}}\ {\boldsymbol{dB}}/{\boldsymbol{m}}$ ). The proposed fiber has shown great potential for high capacity OAM mode division multiplexing communications.

Photonic crystal fiber for supporting 26 orbital angular momentum modes

Zi-Ang Hu, Yu-Qi Huang, Ai-Ping Luo, Hu Cui, Zhi-Chao Luo, and Wen-Cheng Xu
Opt. Express 24(15) 17285-17291 (2016)

GeO₂-doped ring-core photonic crystal fiber for supporting robust orbital angular momentum modes

Jingmin Zhou, Shuyang Xie, Chen Nie, Lin Li, Zhengping Shan, and Exian Liu
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 39(10) 1913-1920 (2022)

Design tool for circular photonic crystal fibers supporting orbital angular momentum modes

Hui Li, Hu Zhang, Xiaoguang Zhang, Zhuo Zhang, Lixia Xi, Xianfeng Tang, Wenbo Zhang, and Xia Zhang
Appl. Opt. 57(10) 2474-2481 (2018)

Erbium-doped amplification in circular photonic crystal fiber supporting orbital angular momentum modes

Yifan Deng, Hu Zhang, Hui Li, Xianfeng Tang, Lixia Xi, Wenbo Zhang, and Xiaoguang Zhang
Appl. Opt. 56(6) 1748-1752 (2017)

Effects of different cladding materials on orbital angular momentum modes propagating in photonic crystal fibers

Ning Sheng, Haihao Fu, Tongyu Meng, Jianxin Wang, Wei Liu, Jingwei Lv, Zao Yi, Lin Yang, Paul K. Chu, and Chao Liu
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 40(8) 1527-1536 (2023)