Abstract

Optimal design of a Raman-amplified periodic cell depends strongly on the constraints set by overall system requirements. The best possible tradeoff in terms of cost-effectiveness, nonlinearity, pumping efficiency, optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), and tolerance to relative intensity noise transfer varies depending on characteristics, such as total transmission length, desirable number of spans or power budget requirements. Here, we perform a thorough experimental and theoretical study of the best performing configurations for second-order amplification over a broad range of applications, with span lengths ranging from 10 to 150 km. Results highlight the presence of different regimes in which different contributions to noise become dominant. We find that ultralong Raman fiber laser cells with high forward pumping are to be preferred in unrepeatered transmission applications, whereas in long-haul transmission a shorter cell based on random distributed feedback lasing can be a better option as it enables low relative intensity noise transfer with a higher output OSNR at the cost of a reduced pumping efficiency.

RIN transfer in 2nd-order distributed amplification with ultralong fiber lasers

Mercedes Alcón-Camas and Juan Diego Ania-Castañón
Opt. Express 18(23) 23569-23575 (2010)

Impact of input FBG reflectivity and forward pump power on RIN transfer in ultralong Raman laser amplifiers

Giuseppe Rizzelli, Md Asif Iqbal, Francesca Gallazzi, Paweł Rosa, Mingming Tan, Juan Diego Ania-Castañón, Lukasz Krzczanowicz, Pedro Corredera, Ian Phillips, Wladek Forysiak, and Paul Harper
Opt. Express 24(25) 29170-29175 (2016)

Spontaneous pump depolarization in ultralong cavity Raman fiber laser amplifiers

Giuseppe Rizzelli, Pedro Corredera, and Juan Diego Ania-Castañón
Opt. Express 26(21) 27842-27848 (2018)

Detailed theoretical investigation on improved quasi-lossless transmission using third-order Raman amplification based on ultralong fiber lasers

Xin-Hong Jia, Yun-Jiang Rao, Zi-Nan Wang, Wei-Li Zhang, Zeng-Ling Ran, Kun Deng, and Zi-Xin Yang
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29(4) 847-854 (2012)

RIN transfer in random distributed feedback fiber lasers

J. Nuño, M. Alcon-Camas, and J.D. Ania-Castañón
Opt. Express 20(24) 27376-27381 (2012)