Abstract

Until the early 2000's, the avalanche photodiode (APD) was widely deployed in high-performance optical receivers that operated up to 10 Gb/s. In subsequent years, the use of APDs for high-capacity systems declined as a result of their limited gain bandwidth, the transition to coherent detection, and the development of high-efficiency modulation techniques. Recently, the rapid growth of optical-fiber communications systems that utilize baud rates up to 25 Gb/s represented by a 100-Gb/s Ethernet has led to a resurgence of research on APDs and the development of low-noise APDs with enhanced gain bandwidth. This paper presents a brief review of APD fundamentals and describes some of the recent advances.

© 2015 IEEE

III-V on silicon avalanche photodiodes by heteroepitaxy

Yuan Yuan, Daehwan Jung, Keye Sun, Jiyuan Zheng, Andrew H. Jones, John E. Bowers, and Joe C. Campbell
Opt. Lett. 44(14) 3538-3541 (2019)

InGaAs/AlGaAsSb avalanche photodiode with high gain-bandwidth product

Shiyu Xie, Xinxin Zhou, Shiyong Zhang, David J. Thomson, Xia Chen, Graham T. Reed, Jo Shien Ng, and Chee Hing Tan
Opt. Express 24(21) 24242-24247 (2016)

Characteristics of thin InAlAs digital alloy avalanche photodiodes

Wenyang Wang, Jinshan Yao, Jingyi Wang, Zhuo Deng, Zhiyang Xie, Jian Huang, Hong Lu, and Baile Chen
Opt. Lett. 46(16) 3841-3844 (2021)

High gain, low noise 1550  nm GaAsSb/AlGaAsSb avalanche photodiodes

S. Lee, X. Jin, H. Jung, H. Lewis, Y. Liu, B. Guo, S. H. Kodati, M. Schwartz, C. Grein, T. J. Ronningen, J. P. R. David, Joe. C. Campbell, and S. Krishna
Optica 10(2) 147-154 (2023)

InAlAs/InGaAs avalanche photodiode arrays for free space optical communication

Mike S. Ferraro, William R. Clark, William S. Rabinovich, Rita Mahon, James L. Murphy, Peter G. Goetz, Linda M. Thomas, Harris R. Burris, Christopher I. Moore, William D. Waters, Kenneth Vaccaro, and Brian D. Krejca
Appl. Opt. 54(31) F182-F188 (2015)