Abstract
Fiber grating laser sensors have been attracting great
interest because of their high signal-to-noise ratio and narrow linewidth
that permit high resolution sensing. According to the working principle,
fiber grating laser sensors can be classified into two types: wavelength
encoding sensor and polarimetric heterodyning sensor. The former responds to
external perturbations in terms of shift in the operation wavelength of the
fiber laser, which is similar to that of fiber grating sensor. The latter
converts measurand into change in beat frequency between the two orthogonal
polarization modes from the fiber laser. The polarimetric fiber grating
laser sensor not only has almost all advantages of passive fiber grating
sensors, but also has a distinctive advantage of ease of interrogation. This
is because the beat frequency is in the RF domain, which avoids the
employment of expensive wavelength measurement devices. This type of sensor
has been demonstrated for measurement of temperature, axial strain, lateral
force, hydrostatic pressure, bending, displacement, acceleration, electric
current, and acoustic and ultrasonic signal. In this paper, we review the
principle, fabrication, characterization, and implementation of the
polarimetric heterodyning fiber grating laser sensors, and the sensor
multiplexing in the RF domain.
© 2011 IEEE
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