Abstract
Multimode characteristics of circular-grating-coupled distributed feedback
(CGC DFB) lasers are studied theoretically. A modified time-domain finite-difference
method is used to solve the time-dependent coupled-mode equations and carrier
rate-equation in a self-consistent manner. It is found that, at a moderate
injection current density (${\leq 4}$ times its threshold), the high-order radial modes with fundamental
azimuthal profile can be excited when either 1) the grating duty cycle is
in the range between 0.35 and 0.5, 2) the phase shift of the grating center
is greater than $\pi$,
or 3) the facet reflectivity is greater than 0.2. On the other hand, switching
between the modes with fundamental and first-order azimuthal profiles is observed
when the grating duty cycle is either ${\sim
0.08}$ or ${\sim 0.45}$. Switching of azimuthal modes is also observed if facet reflectivity
is greater than 0.02. Outside these conditions or the lasers with duty cycle
greater than 0.5, stable single-mode operation is observed. Therefore, the
design of single-radial and azimuthal mode CGC DFB lasers can be realized.
© 2008 IEEE
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