Abstract
Modern spectrally efficient optical communication systems utilize polarization-multiplexed
coherent transmission in complex modulation format. Coherent receivers used
in these systems measure the amplitude and phase of the optical signals for
both orthogonally polarized components carrying information. Knowledge of
the amplitude and phase of the optical field, in combination with digital
signal processing, gives the receiver an inherent metrology and performance
monitoring capability. As the optical signal propagates from the transmitter
over optical fiber to the receiver, a signal transformation and degradation
is expected. The receiver observes the properties of the transmitted optical
signal as degraded by the impairments of the transmission medium. The details
of monitoring optical signal parameters and link impairments are the focus
of this paper. The optical signal parameters include polarization state and
residual carrier phase; optical link impairments include chromatic dispersion
and polarization mode dispersion. Two distinct techniques are presented: one
based on Stokes space analysis, and the other on Kalman filtering. The Stokes
space techniques are modulation-format independent and do not require demodulation.
The Kalman filtering provides optimal estimation of the physical quantities
that describe the optical signal and the optical medium.
© 2012 IEEE
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