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Optica Publishing Group
  • Journal of Lightwave Technology
  • Vol. 17,
  • Issue 3,
  • pp. 490-
  • (1999)

1.58-\mum Band Gain-Flattened Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for WDM Transmission Systems

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Abstract

This paper describes the amplification characteristics of gain-flattened Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA's) by using 0.98-{\mu}m and 1.48-{\mu}m band pumping for a 1.58-{\mu}m band WDM signal. Silica-based Er3+-doped fiber (S-EDF) and fluoride-based Er3+-doped fiber (F-EDF) have gain-flattened wavelength ranges from 1570 to 1600 nm and from 1565 to 1600 nm, respectively, and exhibit uniform gain characteristics with gain excursions of 0.7 and 1.0 dB, and the figure of merit of the gain flatness (gain excursion/average signal gain) of 3 and 4.3%, respectively, for an eight-channel signal in the 1.58-{\mu}m band. We show that 1.48-{\mu}m band pumping has a better quantum conversion efficiency and gain coefficient, and that 0.98-{\mu}m band pumping is effective for improving the noise characteristics. We also show that the EDFA's consisting of two cascaded amplification units pumped in the 0.98-{\mu}m and 1.48-{\mu}m bands are effective in constructing low-noise and high-gain 1.58-{\mu}m band amplifiers.

[IEEE ]

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