Abstract

We investigated and validated a novel method to develop ultrathin lensed fiber-optic (LFO) probes for optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. We made the LFO probe by attaching a segment of no core fiber (NCF) to the distal end of a single mode fiber (SMF) and generating a curved surface at the tip of the NCF using the electric arc of a fusion splicer. The novel fabrication approach enabled us to control the length of the NCF and the radius of the fiber lens independently. By strategically choosing these two parameters, the LFO probe could achieve a broad range of working distance and depth of focus for different OCT applications. A probe with 125μm diameter and lateral resolution up to 10μm was demonstrated. The low-cost, disposable and robust LFO probe is expected to have great potential for interstitial OCT imaging.

© 2016 Optical Society of America

Full Article  |  PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Lensed fiber probes designed as an alternative to bulk probes in optical coherence tomography

Seon Young Ryu, Hae Young Choi, Jihoon Na, Woo June Choi, and Byeong Ha Lee
Appl. Opt. 47(10) 1510-1516 (2008)

Ultrathin fiber probes with extended depth of focus for optical coherence tomography

Dirk Lorenser, Xiaojie Yang, and David D. Sampson
Opt. Lett. 37(10) 1616-1618 (2012)

Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson
Opt. Lett. 36(19) 3894-3896 (2011)

More Recommended Articles

References

  • View by:
  • Article Order
  • |
  • Year
  • |
  • Author
  • |
  • Publication
  1. D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  4. B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. X. Li, C. Chudoba, T. Ko, C. Pitris, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Imaging needle for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 25(20), 1520–1522 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. X. Li, T. H. Ko, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Intraluminal fiber-optic Doppler imaging catheter for structural and functional optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1906–1908 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. M. Zhao, Y. Huang, and J. U. Kang, “Sapphire ball lens-based fiber probe for common-path optical coherence tomography and its applications in corneal and retinal imaging,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 4835–4837 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. Y. Mao, S. Chang, S. Sherif, and C. Flueraru, “Graded-index fiber lens proposed for ultrasmall probes used in biomedical imaging,” Appl. Opt. 46(23), 5887–5894 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. D. Lorenser, X. Yang, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin fiber probes with extended depth of focus for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 37(10), 1616–1618 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. X. Liu and J. U. Kang, “Optimization of an angled fiber probe for common-path optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 38(15), 2660–2662 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Oxford University Press, Inc., 2006).
  15. Y. Wang, Y. Wang, A. Akansu, K. D. Belfield, B. Hubbi, and X. Liu, “Robust motion tracking based on adaptive speckle decorrelation analysis of OCT signal,” Biomed. Opt. Express 6(11), 4302–4316 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. X. Liu, Y. Huang, and J. U. Kang, “Distortion-free freehand-scanning OCT implemented with real-time scanning speed variance correction,” Opt. Express 20(15), 16567–16583 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  18. K. Kurokawa, S. Makita, Y. J. Hong, and Y. Yasuno, “Two-dimensional micro-displacement measurement for laser coagulation using optical coherence tomography,” Biomed. Opt. Express 6(1), 170–190 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. J. Mertz, Introduction to Optical Microscopy (Roberts, 2010).
  20. S. Y. Ryu, H. Y. Choi, J. Na, W. J. Choi, and B. H. Lee, “Lensed fiber probes designed as an alternative to bulk probes in optical coherence tomography,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1510–1516 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2015 (2)

2013 (1)

2012 (4)

2011 (1)

2010 (1)

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2009 (1)

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (2)

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Y. Ryu, H. Y. Choi, J. Na, W. J. Choi, and B. H. Lee, “Lensed fiber probes designed as an alternative to bulk probes in optical coherence tomography,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1510–1516 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (1)

2004 (1)

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2001 (1)

2000 (1)

1995 (1)

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1991 (1)

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Akansu, A.

Belfield, K. D.

Bellafiore, F. J.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Boppart, S. A.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bouma, B.

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bouma, B. E.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bressner, J. E.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Brezinski, M. E.

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chaney, E. J.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chang, S.

Chang, W.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Choi, H. Y.

Choi, W. J.

Chudoba, C.

Curatolo, A.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

Flotte, T.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Flueraru, C.

Fujimoto, J. G.

X. Li, T. H. Ko, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Intraluminal fiber-optic Doppler imaging catheter for structural and functional optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1906–1908 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

X. Li, C. Chudoba, T. Ko, C. Pitris, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Imaging needle for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 25(20), 1520–1522 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gehlbach, P.

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Goldberg, B. D.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gregory, K.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Halpern, E.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Han, J. H.

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hee, M. R.

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hong, Y. J.

Huang, D.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Huang, Y.

Hubbi, B.

Iftimia, N. V.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Johnson, P. A.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kang, J. U.

Kirk, R. W.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ko, T.

Ko, T. H.

Kotynek, J. G.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kurokawa, K.

Lee, B. H.

Li, X.

Lin, C. P.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, X.

Lorenser, D.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin fiber probes with extended depth of focus for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 37(10), 1616–1618 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Luo, W.

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Makita, S.

Mao, Y.

Marks, D. L.

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

McLaughlin, R. A.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Na, J.

Nguyen, F. T.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Oliphant, U. J.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pitman, M. B.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pitris, C.

Puliafito, C. A.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Quirk, B. C.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Robbins, P. D.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

Rowland, K. M.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ryu, S. Y.

Sampson, D. D.

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin fiber probes with extended depth of focus for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 37(10), 1616–1618 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R. W. Kirk, B. C. Quirk, R. A. McLaughlin, and D. D. Sampson, “Ultrathin side-viewing needle probe for optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 36(19), 3894–3896 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Saunders, C. M.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

Schuman, J. S.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Scolaro, L.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

Sherif, S.

Singletary, K. W.

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Song, C. G.

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Southern, J. F.

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stinson, W. G.

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Swanson, E. A.

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tearney, G. J.

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, Y.

Wood, B. A.

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

Yang, X.

Yasuno, Y.

Zhang, K.

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhao, M.

Zysk, A. M.

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Opt. (2)

Biomed. Opt. Express (2)

Breast Cancer Res. Treat. (1)

S. A. Boppart, W. Luo, D. L. Marks, and K. W. Singletary, “Optical coherence tomography: feasibility for basic research and image-guided surgery of breast cancer,” Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 84(2), 85–97 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cancer Res. (1)

F. T. Nguyen, A. M. Zysk, E. J. Chaney, J. G. Kotynek, U. J. Oliphant, F. J. Bellafiore, K. M. Rowland, P. A. Johnson, and S. A. Boppart, “Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography,” Cancer Res. 69(22), 8790–8796 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (2)

R. A. McLaughlin, B. C. Quirk, A. Curatolo, R. W. Kirk, L. Scolaro, D. Lorenser, P. D. Robbins, B. A. Wood, C. M. Saunders, and D. D. Sampson, “Imaging of breast cancer with optical coherence tomography needle probes: feasibility and initial results,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(3), 1184–1191 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. U. Kang, J. H. Han, X. Liu, K. Zhang, C. G. Song, and P. Gehlbach, “Endoscopic Functional Fourier Domain Common Path Optical Coherence Tomography for Microsurgery,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(4), 781–792 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Biomed. Opt. (1)

B. D. Goldberg, N. V. Iftimia, J. E. Bressner, M. B. Pitman, E. Halpern, B. E. Bouma, and G. J. Tearney, “Automated algorithm for differentiation of human breast tissue using low coherence interferometry for fine needle aspiration biopsy guidance,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 014014 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nat. Med. (1)

J. G. Fujimoto, M. E. Brezinski, G. J. Tearney, S. A. Boppart, B. Bouma, M. R. Hee, J. F. Southern, and E. A. Swanson, “Optical biopsy and imaging using optical coherence tomography,” Nat. Med. 1(9), 970–972 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (6)

Science (1)

D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Optical coherence tomography,” Science 254(5035), 1178–1181 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (2)

J. Mertz, Introduction to Optical Microscopy (Roberts, 2010).

A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Oxford University Press, Inc., 2006).

Cited By

OSA participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.


Figures (7)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Illustration of LFO probe; (b) a photo of LFO probe fabricated in our lab.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2
Fig. 2 The working distance (a), the depth of focus (b), and the beam waist size of the LFO probe depend on the length of NCF and the radius of the fiber-optic lens.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a)-(d) photos of the integrated fiber-optic lens obtained at different arc power of the splicer (Parc = 100, 120, 140 and 170); (e) the radius of the integrated fiber-optic lens decays with the increase of the arc power.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4
Fig. 4 The magnitude of OCT signal obtained from different probes (dashed line: experimental data; solid line: fitted curve): P1: dNCF = 300μm and R = 69μm (red); P2: dNCF = 300μm and R = 74μm (black); P3: dNCF = 500μm and R = 69μm (green); P4: dNCF = 500μm and R = 74 μm (blue).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5
Fig. 5 B-scan image of variable line grating target at different depths. (a) and (c) were obtained when the surface of the resolution target was out of focus; (b) was obtained when the surface of the resolution target was in focus.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 6
Fig. 6 OCT image of phantom obtained from LFO probe (a) and bare fiber probe (b); (c) averaged A-scans obtained from LFO probe (black curve) and bare fiber probe (red curve); (d) ensemble average of Pearson cross correlation coefficients (XCC) for LFO probe (black curve) and bare fiber probe (red curve).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 7
Fig. 7 OCT image of onion cells obtained from LFO probe (a) and SMF probe (b).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Tables (1)

Tables Icon

Table 1 Working distance and depth of focus for probes we fabricated

View Table

Equations (5)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

[ r LFO r LFO ' ]= M LFO [ r SMF r SMF ' ]=[ A LFO B LFO C LFO D LFO ][ r SMF r SMF ' ]
M free =[ 1 d 0 1 ], M lens =[ 1 0 1−n R n ], M NCF =[ 1 n d NCF 0 1 ]
d work = n−1 R − d NCF ( πn ω 0 2 /λ ) 2 ( 1−n R d NCF +n ) ( n−1 R ) 2 + 1 ( πn ω 0 2 /λ ) 2 ( n−1 R d NCF +n ) 2
ω f = ω 0 n A LFO D LFO − B LFO C LFO ( C LFO ω 0 2 πn / λ 0 ) 2 + D LFO 2
z R = π ω f 2 λ

Metrics