Characterizing human pancreatic cancer precursor using quantitative tissue optical spectroscopy

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson and M.-A. Mycek, “Models of light propagation in human tissue applied to cancer diagnostics,” Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 10(2), 121–134 (2011).
[PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. A. Eloubeidi and A. Tamhane, “EUS-guided FNA of solid pancreatic masses: a learning curve with 300 consecutive procedures,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 61(6), 700–708 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M.-A. Mycek, K. T. Schomacker, and N. S. Nishioka, “Colonic polyp differentiation using time-resolved autofluorescence spectroscopy,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 48(4), 390–394 (1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. A. Eloubeidi and A. Tamhane, “EUS-guided FNA of solid pancreatic masses: a learning curve with 300 consecutive procedures,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 61(6), 700–708 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson and M.-A. Mycek, “Models of light propagation in human tissue applied to cancer diagnostics,” Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 10(2), 121–134 (2011).
[PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M.-A. Mycek, K. T. Schomacker, and N. S. Nishioka, “Colonic polyp differentiation using time-resolved autofluorescence spectroscopy,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 48(4), 390–394 (1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M.-A. Mycek, K. T. Schomacker, and N. S. Nishioka, “Colonic polyp differentiation using time-resolved autofluorescence spectroscopy,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 48(4), 390–394 (1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M.-A. Mycek, K. T. Schomacker, and N. S. Nishioka, “Colonic polyp differentiation using time-resolved autofluorescence spectroscopy,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 48(4), 390–394 (1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. A. Eloubeidi and A. Tamhane, “EUS-guided FNA of solid pancreatic masses: a learning curve with 300 consecutive procedures,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 61(6), 700–708 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson and M.-A. Mycek, “Models of light propagation in human tissue applied to cancer diagnostics,” Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 10(2), 121–134 (2011).
[PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. H. Hruban, K. Takaori, D. S. Klimstra, N. V. Adsay, J. Albores-Saavedra, A. V. Biankin, S. A. Biankin, C. Compton, N. Fukushima, T. Furukawa, M. Goggins, Y. Kato, G. Klöppel, D. S. Longnecker, J. Lüttges, A. Maitra, G. J. Offerhaus, M. Shimizu, and S. Yonezawa, “An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,” Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(8), 977–987 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. R. Ferrone, C. Correa-Gallego, A. L. Warshaw, W. R. Brugge, D. G. Forcione, S. P. Thayer, and C. Fernández-del Castillo, “Current Trends in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms,” Arch. Surg. 144(5), 448–454 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Maire, A. Couvelard, P. Hammel, P. Ponsot, L. Palazzo, A. Aubert, C. Degott, A. Dancour, M. Felce-Dachez, D. O’toole, P. Lévy, and P. Ruszniewski, “Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 58(5), 701–706 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. A. Eloubeidi and A. Tamhane, “EUS-guided FNA of solid pancreatic masses: a learning curve with 300 consecutive procedures,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 61(6), 700–708 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M.-A. Mycek, K. T. Schomacker, and N. S. Nishioka, “Colonic polyp differentiation using time-resolved autofluorescence spectroscopy,” Gastrointest. Endosc. 48(4), 390–394 (1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Volynskaya, A. S. Haka, K. L. Bechtel, M. Fitzmaurice, R. Shenk, N. Wang, J. Nazemi, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diagnosing breast cancer using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(2), 024012 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Heidt, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Probing pancreatic disease using tissue optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12(6), 060501 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Spectral areas and ratios classifier algorithm for pancreatic tissue classification using optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 010514 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. C. Kanick, C. van der Leest, J. G. J. V. Aerts, H. C. Hoogsteden, S. Kascáková, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, and A. Amelink, “Integration of single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy into ultrasound-guided endoscopic lung cancer staging of mediastinal lymph nodes,” J. Biomed. Opt. 15(1), 017004 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Bista, S. Uttam, P. Wang, K. Staton, S. Choi, C. J. Bakkenist, D. J. Hartman, R. E. Brand, and Y. Liu, “Quantification of nanoscale nuclear refractive index changes during the cell cycle,” J. Biomed. Opt. 16(7), 070503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Lau, O. Sćepanović, J. Mirkovic, S. McGee, C. C. Yu, S. Fulghum, M. Wallace, J. Tunnell, K. Bechtel, and M. Feld, “Re-evaluation of model-based light-scattering spectroscopy for tissue spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(2), 024031 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Drezek, M. Guillaud, T. Collier, I. Boiko, A. Malpica, C. Macaulay, M. Follen, and R. Richards-Kortum, “Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture,” J. Biomed. Opt. 8(1), 7–16 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Erkan, S. Hausmann, C. W. Michalski, A. A. Fingerle, M. Dobritz, J. Kleeff, and H. Friess, “The role of stroma in pancreatic cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic implications,” Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9(8), 454–467 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. T.-C. Chang, P. S. Cartwright, S. M. Bean, G. M. Palmer, R. C. Bentley, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative physiology of the precancerous cervix in vivo through optical spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 11(4), 325–332 (2009).
[PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, B. McKenna, J. Purdy, and M.-A. Mycek, “Optical spectroscopy detects histological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer,” Opt. Express 17(20), 17502–17516 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. H. Wilson, M. Chandra, L. C. Chen, W. R. Lloyd, J. Scheiman, D. Simeone, J. Purdy, B. McKenna, and M.-A. Mycek, “Photon-tissue interaction model enables quantitative optical analysis of human pancreatic tissues,” Opt. Express 18(21), 21612–21621 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Chandra, K. Vishwanath, G. D. Fichter, E. Liao, S. J. Hollister, and M.-A. Mycek, “Quantitative molecular sensing in biological tissues: an approach to non-invasive optical characterization,” Opt. Express 14(13), 6157–6171 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Amelink, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, M. P. L. Bard, and S. A. Burgers, “In vivo measurement of the local optical properties of tissue by use of differential path-length spectroscopy,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1087–1089 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Baba, T. Yamaguchi, T. Ishihara, A. Kobayashi, T. Oshima, N. Sakaue, K. Kato, M. Ebara, and H. Saisho, “Distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by imaging techniques,” Pancreas 29(3), 212–217 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, “Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: a new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(3), 627–630 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. H. Wilson and M.-A. Mycek, “Models of light propagation in human tissue applied to cancer diagnostics,” Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 10(2), 121–134 (2011).
[PubMed]

Cancer Facts & Figures 2013” (American Cancer Society, 2013), retrieved www.cancer.org .