Abstract

The severe sole effects of seizures on the cortical part of bone were reported in our previous study. However, the side effects of anti-epileptic drug therapy on bones has not been differentiated from the effects of the convulsive seizures, yet. This study provides the first report on differentiation of the effects of seizures and carbamazepine (a widely used antiepileptic drug) therapy on bones; 50 mg/kg/day drug was given to genetically induced absence epileptic rats for five weeks. Distinct bone regions including cortical, trabecular, and growth plate in each of tibia, femur, and spine tissues were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging and Vickers microhardness test. Blood levels of vitamin D and bone turnover biomarkers were also measured. According to the FT-IR imaging results, both seizure and carbamazepine-treated groups, more dominantly the drug-treated group, had lower mineral content with altered collagen crosslinks and higher crystallinity, implying reduced bone strength. Lower microhardness values also supported lower mechanical strength in bones. The most affected bone tissue and region from seizures and treatment was found as the spine and cortical, respectively. While there was a reduction in vitamin D and calcium levels in both seizure and carbamazepin-treated groups, significantly elevated PTH and bone turnover biomarkers were only seen in the drug-treated group.

© 2018 The Author(s)

Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy for in vivo bone strength prediction

Chi Shu, Keren Chen, Maria Lynch, Jason R. Maher, Hani A. Awad, and Andrew J. Berger
Biomed. Opt. Express 9(10) 4781-4791 (2018)

Cortical bone quality affectations and their strength impact analysis using holographic interferometry

Cesar G. Tavera Ruiz, Manuel H. De La Torre-Ibarra, J. M. Flores-Moreno, Claudio Frausto-Reyes, and Fernando Mendoza Santoyo
Biomed. Opt. Express 9(10) 4818-4833 (2018)

Osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells by femtosecond laser bone ablation

Jianqiao Zheng, Xinyue Zhang, Yaopeng Zhang, and Fusong Yuan
Biomed. Opt. Express 11(2) 885-894 (2020)

Imaging brain activity during seizures in freely behaving rats using a miniature multi-modal imaging system

Iliya Sigal, Margaret M. Koletar, Dene Ringuette, Raanan Gad, Melanie Jeffrey, Peter L. Carlen, Bojana Stefanovic, and Ofer Levi
Biomed. Opt. Express 7(9) 3596-3609 (2016)

Bone assessment via thermal photo-acoustic measurements

Ting Feng, Kenneth M. Kozloff, Chao Tian, Joseph E. Perosky, Yi-Sing Hsiao, Sidan Du, Jie Yuan, Cheri X. Deng, and Xueding Wang
Opt. Lett. 40(8) 1721-1724 (2015)