Abstract

The europium–tetracycline complex [Eu(Tc)] is known to show only weak fluorescence with an emission maximum at 615 nm. On addition of hydrogen peroxide (HP), the strongly fluorescent [Eu(Tc)(HP)] complex is formed, which displays a 15-fold stronger luminescence intensity. This study describes the decrease in luminescence intensity of the [Eu(Tc)(HP)] complex in aqueous solution in the presence of Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Ag⁺, Al³⁺, Zn²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺. Static and dynamic quenching can be induced by Cu²⁺, and these processes were quantified by means of their quenching constants. Stern–Volmer plots were also derived from lifetime imaging measurements accomplished by the rapid lifetime determination (RLD) technique based on microwell plate assays, and also by the time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technique. According to those data, a time-resolved fluorescent method for copper determination can be proposed that is based on dynamic quenching of the [Eu(Tc)(HP)] complex by Cu²⁺ ions. The response to copper concentrations is linear up to 1.6 μmol L⁻¹, providing a detection limit of 0.2 μmol L⁻¹.

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