Abstract

A series of copper chromite catalysts have been studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The data indicate that in the as-received form the copper is present as a mixture of Cu(OH)₂ and CuO. After calcination at 500°C only CuO is present. The chromium is present as Cr⁺³ and Cr⁺⁶ when no promoter is added. When a BaO promoter is added, the Cr⁺⁶ is stabilized. Calcination at 500°C for varying periods of time alter the relative amounts of Cr⁺³ and Cr⁺⁶ on the catalytic surface. In addition, the relative amounts of the various oxidation states are a function of calcination temperature. At a calcination temperature of 240°C a Cr⁺⁵ surface species is reproducibly observed in one of the catalysts.

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