Abstract
Nine bivalent cations were examined spectrophotometrically for a color reaction with <i>anti</i>-2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone oxime, using aqueous ethanol as solvent. Only Cu<sup>++</sup> gave a positive color change owing to the formation of complexes. The <i>syn</i> isomer gave a negative result with all of the cations. This test also distinguished the two isomeric forms of eight additional pairs of analogous oximes. In the case of the <i>anti</i>-2-amino-5-chloro-derivative, the nature of the copper complexes in solution was explored; a crystalline complex, formulated as [C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>11</sub>C1N<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>Cu·H<sub>2</sub>O] <sub>2</sub>++2SO<sub>4</sub><sup>−−</sup>, was isolated. The proton-resonance signals given by the hydroxyl and amino groups for the whole set of oximes provide evidence for a significant structural difference between the two isomeric forms. The infrared spectra show lower symmetric NH stretching frequencies for the <i>anti</i> forms than for the <i>syn</i> forms. These differences are attributed to the presence of an intramolecular N–H…N=C hydrogen bond in the <i>anti</i> forms and to its absence in the case of the <i>syn</i> forms. The ultraviolet spectra of the <i>anti</i> forms show an increased intensity of absorption and a maximum at lower wavelength in the 220–250 mμ range when compared to the <i>syn</i> forms. The situation is similar with regard to intensity, but there is a shift to a higher wavelength, for the broad absorption maximum in the 300–350 mμ range. It is concluded that these latter two regularities stem mostly from the differences in molecular geometry of the <i>anti</i> and <i>syn</i> isomers, with only a small contribution resulting specifically from the difference in hydrogen bonding.
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