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Tapered Mach–Zehnder interferometer based on PbS quantum dots modified by polymers for copper ion sensing

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Abstract

An optical fiber interferometer coated with PbS quantum dots (QDs) was developed for copper ion (${{\rm{Cu}}^{2 +}}$) detection. The QDs were modified by a multifunctional copolymer that enabled QD surface ligation, dispersion, and coordination with ${{\rm{Cu}}^{2 +}}$. ${{\rm{Cu}}^{2 +}}$ coordination with the polymer induced changes in the surrounding refractive index of the interferometer. The sensor was highly selective for ${{\rm{Cu}}^{2 +}}$ and showed a linear detection range of 0–1000 µM with a limit of detection of 2.20 µM in both aqueous and biological solutions.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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