Effect of surface modification on wettability and tribology by laser texturing in Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>

Xiubing Jing; Yani Xia; Shuxian Zheng; Chengjuan Yang; Huan Qi; Huan Qi; Syed Husain Imran Jaffery

doi:10.1364/AO.423564

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 15,
pp. 4434-4442
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.423564

Effect of surface modification on wettability and tribology by laser texturing in Al₂O₃

Xiubing Jing, Yani Xia, Shuxian Zheng, Chengjuan Yang, Huan Qi, and Syed Husain Imran Jaffery

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Xiubing Jing, Yani Xia, Shuxian Zheng, Chengjuan Yang, Huan Qi, and Syed Husain Imran Jaffery, "Effect of surface modification on wettability and tribology by laser texturing in Al₂O₃," Appl. Opt. 60, 4434-4442 (2021)

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Abstract

The life of ceramic tools restricts the development of the manufacturing industry and can be increased through the enhancement of surface performance. Laser surface texturing is a feasible technology to improve ceramic tool life based on the relationship between surface properties and the laser-texturing process. In this study, ${{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_3}$ substrates have been textured by an ytterbium fiber laser system with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse duration of 50 ns. First, the damage threshold of ${{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_3}$ was measured to provide a basis for selecting laser-texturing parameters. The surface morphology was characterized using a white confocal scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope to investigate the characteristics of laser processing. Water contact angles were measured to investigate the relationship between laser parameters and changes in wettability. The surface energy of the superhydrophobic ceramic was calculated based on the contact angle. Combined X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement was used to explore the mechanism of wettability changes from the chemical component and microstructure perspectives. The friction coefficient of ${{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_3}$ was determined by a ball-on-disc wear test. The results showed that laser texturing can significantly improve the surface hydrophobicity and friction stability.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Treatment	Laser Fluence ( $J / {c m}^{2}$ )	Scanning Speed (mm/s)
Group 1	45.84	50, 100, 500
Group 2	30.56, 45.84, 50.93	50

Surface Energy (mN/m)
Laser	Wu Method			Owens–Wendt Method
Parameters	$γ s v$	$γ {s v}^{D}$	$γ {s v}^{P}$	$γ s v$	$γ {s v}^{D}$	$γ {s v}^{P}$
$30.56 {J / c m}^{2}$	4.015	−3.901	7.916	0.496	0.023	0.473
$45.84 {J / c m}^{2}$	3.241	−3.942	7.183	0.332	0.037	0.294
$50.93 {J / c m}^{2}$	3.796	−4.136	7.932	0.466	0.053	0.413
50 mm/s	3.471	−4.127	7.598	0.395	0.057	0.339
100 mm/s	2.111	−0.933	3.044	0.229	0.153	0.076
500 mm/s	6.049	−3.204	9.254	1.160	0.011	1.148

Laser Fluence ( $J / {c m}^{2}$ )	FC	Scanning Speed (mm/s)	FC
Untreated	0.2917	Untreated	0.2917
30.56	0.4715	50	0.4643
45.84	0.4643	100	0.4694
50.93	0.4519	500	0.3478

Material	Tribosystem	Type of Lubricant	FC (Compared to Untreated Surface)	Stability of FC
AISI316 [27]	Ball-on-disk	Solid	Decrease	Bad
${A l}_{2} O_{3}$ [28]	Cylinder-on-plate	Water	Decrease	Better
${A l}_{2} O_{3}$ ceramic	Ball-on-disk	No	Increase	Better

Treatment	Laser Fluence ( $J / {c m}^{2}$ )	Scanning Speed (mm/s)
Group 1	45.84	50, 100, 500
Group 2	30.56, 45.84, 50.93	50

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Applied Optics