Phase sensitivity to temperature of the guiding mode in polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber

Jingming Song; Kang Sun; Shuai Li; Wei Cai

doi:10.1364/AO.54.007330

Applied Optics
Vol. 54,
Issue 24,
pp. 7330-7334
(2015)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.007330

Phase sensitivity to temperature of the guiding mode in polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber

Jingming Song, Kang Sun, Shuai Li, and Wei Cai

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Jingming Song, Kang Sun, Shuai Li, and Wei Cai, "Phase sensitivity to temperature of the guiding mode in polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber," Appl. Opt. 54, 7330-7334 (2015)

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Abstract

The propagating phase changing of a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) caused by temperature variation is theoretically studied, as well as compared with conventional PANDA fiber. As to verifying numerical analysis, a platform based on a Michelson interferometer for phase versus temperature measurement was built for both kinds of fiber. Experiments show that PM-PCF has similar temperature sensitivity with conventional polarization-maintaining fiber. With optimized PM-PCF design (thinner coating layer and coating material with smaller thermal expansion coefficient), the sensitivity could be further reduced to about 80% of the present level.

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Types of PMF	PANDA Fiber	PM-PCF
Geometry parameters	Core $diameter = 6 μm$	$Pitch = 5.43 μm$
	SAP $diameter = 32 μm$	Large hole $diameter = 6.956 μm$
	$r_{core - SAP} = 28 μm$	Small hole $diameter = 3.0335 μm$
	Cladding $diameter = 125 μm$	Cladding $diameter = 125 μm$
	Acrylate $jacket = 230 μm$	Acrylate $jacket = 230 μm$

Types of PMF		PANDA Fiber	PM-PCF
Material parameters	Thermal expansion coefficient $α (10^{- 6} / K)$	$Core = 0.6172$
		$Cladding = 0.56$	$Silica = 0.56$
		$SAP = 2.42$	$Acrylate = 80$
		$Acrylate = 80$
	Poisson’s ratio $ν$	$Core = 0.17$
		$Cladding = 0.17$	$Silica = 0.17$
		$SAP = 0.2042$	$Acrylate = 0.4$
		$Acrylate = 0.4$
	Young’s modulus $E$ (GPa)	$Core = 72.37$
		$Cladding = 72.4$	$Silica = 72.4$
		$SAP = 49.22$	$Acrylate = 0.8$
		$Acrylate = 0.8$
	Thermal-optical coefficient $d n / d T$	${Core}_{Ge - doped} = 0.9 \times 10^{- 5} / ° C$
		${Cladding}_{Silica} = 1.1 \times 10^{- 5} / ° C$	$Silica = 1.1 \times 10^{- 5} / ° C$
		${SAP}_{boron-doped} = 1.8 \times 10^{- 5} / ° C$	$Air = 0 / ° C$

		PANDA		PM-PCF
		${axis}_{F}$	${axis}_{S}$	${axis}_{F}$	${axis}_{S}$
$d n_{eff} / d T$ ( $\times 10^{- 6} / ° C$ )	Geometry deformation	0.39	0.39	1.7	1.53
	Stress-optical	0.06	−0.24	−0.01	0
	Thermo-optical	9.62	9.62	11.05	11.05
	General	9.15	8.84	11.6	11.6
$S_{n}$ (ppm/°C)		6.1	6.31	8.08	8.08

	PANDA		PM-PCF
Fiber	Naked	Coated	Naked	Coated
$S_{L}$ (ppm/°C)	1.05	3.3	0.56	2.8

Fiber	PANDA		PM-1550-01
	${axis}_{F}$	${axis}_{S}$	${axis}_{F}$	${axis}_{S}$
$S$ measured (ppm/°C)	$7.511 \pm 0.02$	$7.706 \pm 0.02$	$8.18 \pm 0.05$	$8.2 \pm 0.05$
$S$ calculated (ppm/°C)	9.4	9.61	10.88	10.88

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Applied Optics