Simulation design of a wearable see-through retinal projector

Wen-Shing Sun; Chuen-Lin Tien; Yen-Chen Chiang; Jui-Wen Pan

doi:10.1364/AO.54.004485

Applied Optics
Vol. 54,
Issue 14,
pp. 4485-4494
(2015)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.004485

Simulation design of a wearable see-through retinal projector

Wen-Shing Sun, Chuen-Lin Tien, Yen-Chen Chiang, and Jui-Wen Pan

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Wen-Shing Sun, Chuen-Lin Tien, Yen-Chen Chiang, and Jui-Wen Pan, "Simulation design of a wearable see-through retinal projector," Appl. Opt. 54, 4485-4494 (2015)

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Abstract

This study proposes a new simulation design for a wearable see-through retinal projector combined with a compact camera. The see-through retinal projector is composed of an illumination system and eyepiece system. In this eyeglass-mounted design, all the information is projected directly into the user’s eyes using a see-through retinal projector. The retinal projector forms a 20 in. (50.8 cm) upright virtual image located 2 m in front of the human eye, and the illumination system provides uniform illumination for liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panels. Moreover, an RGB LED array is used as the light source to generate color images with color sequences. The compact camera has a lens with an aperture of F/2.8, a half field-of-view (FOV) of 30°, and 2 million pixels. This optical system design with the combination of a see-through retinal projector and a compact camera has a volume of about $5.83 {cm}^{3}$ and a weight of 6.02 g.

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Description	Specifications
Display type	Reflective LCoS
Dynamic range	8 bits per color
Resolution	$640 \times 480$ (VGA)
Device diagonal	0.177 in. (0.44958 cm)
Active area	$3.6 \times 2.7 mm$
Aperture ratio	$> 88 %$
Pixel pitch	5.625 μm
Frame rate	180 Hz
Reflectance	53%
Weight	3.50 g
Operating Waveband	420–700 nm
Lifetime	$> 20.000 h$

Specifications	Value
Half diagonal (LCoS)	2.25 mm
Image distance	−2000 mm
Image resolution for eye	1.1 arc min
Half FOV	7.125°
EFL	18 mm
Exit pupil diameter	4 mm
Image NA	0.111
Eye relief	10 mm
Lens type	Telecentric for image space

Color	Wavelength (nm)	Type	Emission- pattern	Total flux (lm)
R	625	ODR20RF	Lambertian	9.42
G	525	ODT20RG	Lambertian	16
B	455	ODB20RG	Lambertian	3.45

Item	Efficiency (%)	Cumulative Efficiency (%)
LED collection	25	25
Collimator	92.24	23.06
Lens array	96.04	22.15
Condenser	92.24	20.43
PBS	48	9.81
LCoS	59.17	5.80

Item	Efficiency (%)	Cumulative Efficiency (%)
LCoS reflectance	53	53
PBS	96.04	50.90
Projection lens	88.58	45.09
Beam splitter	50	22.54
NA ratio	82.78	18.66

Item	Efficiency (%)
Evaluate value	1.08
All channels	0.97
Red channel	0.97
Green channel	0.97
Blue channel	0.97

Specifications	Value
Sensor type	OV2643 (CMOS)
Array size	$1600 \times 1200$ (UXGA)
Pixel size	$2.2 μm \times 2.2 μm$
Image size	$3.52 mm \times 2.64 mm$
Half-FOV	30°
EFL	3.81 mm
F/#	2.8
Chief ray angle	$< 25 °$

Item	Volume ( ${mm}^{3}$ )	Material	Specific Gravity	Weight (g)
Beam splitter	36.64	NBK7	2.51	0.092
Lens 1	275.56	POLEFINH	0.95	0.276
Lens 2	282.56	Z-E48R	1.01	0.283
Lens 3	263.07	OKP4	1.22	0.321
Total				0.972

Item	Volume ( ${mm}^{3}$ )	Material	Specific Gravity	Weight (g)
PBS	195.11	SF11	3.22	0.628
Condenser	84.85	PMMA	1.18	0.100
Lens array	7.03	PMMA	1.18	0.008
Collimator 1	27.10	Z-E48R	1.01	0.027
Collimator 2	6.80	PEIO	1.27	0.009
LED		RGB LED Array		0.500
LCoS		0.17 in. (0.4318 cm) LCoS		3.500
Total				4.772

Item	Volume ( ${mm}^{3}$ )	Material	Specific Gravity	Weight (g)
Protection glass 1	19.47	NBK7	2.51	0.049
Lens 1	106.56	“POLEFINH”	0.95	0.101
Lens 2	19.01	“POLEFINH”	0.95	0.018
Lens 3	12.30	“POLEFINH”	0.95	0.012
Lens 4	48.22	“PEIO”	1.27	0.061
IR filter	13.55	NBK7	2.51	0.034
Total weight				0.275

Abstract

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Applied Optics