Dealing with scattered light is a tricky business. As light passes through material such as biological tissue, its direction of propagation becomes randomly scrambled, which makes it otherwise challenging to form high-quality images with. Recent advances in adaptive optics and wavefront shaping have begun to tackle this issue head on, by employing programmable light modulation elements to reshape incoming and outgoing scattered light. While it is possible to use wavefront shaping techniques to tightly focus light within scattering media, scanning this focus around to create full images remains a significant challenge. In this work, Mastiani and colleagues take on this challenge by presenting a novel “sparse field focusing” method. By acquiring a series of measurements of the scattered field and then cleverly combining them together with a carefully selected weighted summation, they can then display the result on a spatial light modulator to form a bright focus approximately 1 µm in width and also scan it across a 30 µm range. This high degree of control points towards a new family of focus-and-scan techniques that will hopefully allow us to extract full images from deep within scattering media in the near future.

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