Numerical comparison of pumping methods for high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber lasers

Wang Dan; Wang Dan; Qun Han; Qun Han; Qing Jia; Qing Jia; Kun Ren; Kun Ren; Tiegen Liu; Tiegen Liu

doi:10.1364/AO.419783

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 9,
pp. 2560-2566
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.419783

Numerical comparison of pumping methods for high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber lasers

Wang Dan, Qun Han, Qing Jia, Kun Ren, and Tiegen Liu

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Wang Dan, Qun Han, Qing Jia, Kun Ren, and Tiegen Liu, "Numerical comparison of pumping methods for high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber lasers," Appl. Opt. 60, 2560-2566 (2021)

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Table of Contents Category
- Lasers, Optical Amplifiers, and Laser Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: January 13, 2021
- Revised Manuscript: February 20, 2021
- Manuscript Accepted: February 22, 2021
- Published: March 15, 2021

Abstract

The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the Yb band and thermal damage are the main obstacles to the power scaling of high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber lasers (EYDFLs) and amplifiers. In this paper, three popular pumping methods, i.e., off-peak pumping, core pumping with ytterbium-doped fiber laser, and cascade co-pumping, the conquering of these obstacles is investigated and compared based on numerical simulation. The influence of the pump wavelength is systematically analyzed. Performances, including thermal effects, optimal fiber length, and maximum applicable pump power and expectable output power are compared for EYDFLs with these pumping methods. The results show that off-peak pumping and core pumping can alleviate the Yb ASE problem and increase the achievable output power to some extent. We believe this improvement fundamentally originated from the lower absorption coefficient that alleviates the bottlenecking effect. The Yb ASE problem is still inevitable for these two methods, whereas the cascade co-pumping method can completely extricate a EYDFL from the restrict of this problem and push the power to the thermal damaged limitation.

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Parameters	Value	Parameters	Value
$N_{Y b}$	$3.31 \times 10^{26} m^{- 3}$	$C_{u p}$	$3 \times 10^{- 24} m^{3} / s$
$N_{E r}$	$4.14 \times 10^{25} m^{- 3}$	$r_{1}$	27.6 µm
$τ_{21}$	$1.0 \times 10^{- 2} s$	$r_{2}$	245 µm
$τ_{32}$	$1.0 \times 10^{- 9} s$	$r_{3}$	370 µm
$τ_{65}$	$1.4 \times 10^{- 3} s$	$n_{g}$	1.456
$α_{p}$	0.07 dB/m	${N A}_{c o r e}$	0.2
$α_{s}$	0.02 dB/m	$R_{35}$ , $R_{61}$	$1 \times 10^{- 22} m^{3} / s$

Method	$λ_{p} / λ_{Y b - F B G}$ (nm)	$P_{p}$ (W)	$P_{o u t}$ (W)	$L_{o p t}$ (m)	PCE (%)	$T_{c o a t i n g}$ (K)
Cladding pumping	976	75.1	29.3	2.2	38.9	319.8
	915	120.6	43.5	6.3	36.1	315.1
	940	116.2	43.1	6.2	37.1	314.0
	1000	153.8	58.1	12.5	37.8	305.2
Core pumping	1018	135.3	59.8	5.4	44.2	310.0
Core pumping	1040	191.5	67.0	17	35.0	300.6
Cascade co-pumping	976/1012	243.6	127.6	2.1	52.4	353.2
	940/1020	608.3	199.5	4.3	32.8	353.2
	915/1022	659.1	187.2	4.8	28.4	353.2

Parameters	Value	Parameters	Value
$N_{Y b}$	$3.31 \times 10^{26} m^{- 3}$	$C_{u p}$	$3 \times 10^{- 24} m^{3} / s$
$N_{E r}$	$4.14 \times 10^{25} m^{- 3}$	$r_{1}$	27.6 µm
$τ_{21}$	$1.0 \times 10^{- 2} s$	$r_{2}$	245 µm
$τ_{32}$	$1.0 \times 10^{- 9} s$	$r_{3}$	370 µm
$τ_{65}$	$1.4 \times 10^{- 3} s$	$n_{g}$	1.456
$α_{p}$	0.07 dB/m	${N A}_{c o r e}$	0.2
$α_{s}$	0.02 dB/m	$R_{35}$ , $R_{61}$	$1 \times 10^{- 22} m^{3} / s$

Method	$λ_{p} / λ_{Y b - F B G}$ (nm)	$P_{p}$ (W)	$P_{o u t}$ (W)	$L_{o p t}$ (m)	PCE (%)	$T_{c o a t i n g}$ (K)
Cladding pumping	976	75.1	29.3	2.2	38.9	319.8
	915	120.6	43.5	6.3	36.1	315.1
	940	116.2	43.1	6.2	37.1	314.0
	1000	153.8	58.1	12.5	37.8	305.2
Core pumping	1018	135.3	59.8	5.4	44.2	310.0
Core pumping	1040	191.5	67.0	17	35.0	300.6
Cascade co-pumping	976/1012	243.6	127.6	2.1	52.4	353.2
	940/1020	608.3	199.5	4.3	32.8	353.2
	915/1022	659.1	187.2	4.8	28.4	353.2

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Applied Optics