Multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on a pure fiber saturable absorber

Qianchao Wu; Lifang Chen; Zheng Wu; Yong Yao

doi:10.1364/AO.432369

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 25,
pp. 7821-7827
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.432369

Multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on a pure fiber saturable absorber

Qianchao Wu, Lifang Chen, Zheng Wu, and Yong Yao

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Qianchao Wu, Lifang Chen, Zheng Wu, and Yong Yao, "Multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on a pure fiber saturable absorber," Appl. Opt. 60, 7821-7827 (2021)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Lasers, Optical Amplifiers, and Laser Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: May 25, 2021
- Revised Manuscript: August 5, 2021
- Manuscript Accepted: August 6, 2021
- Published: August 30, 2021

Abstract

The graded index multimode-fiber step-index multimode fiber-graded index multimode fiber (GIMF-SIMF-GIMF) structure was designed as a saturable absorber (SA). To obtain optical pulses that meet the requirements of different applications, the multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on GIMF-SIMF-GIMF SA were numerically and experimentally researched. The fiber laser can self-start mode-locking; its fundamental repetition rate of fiber laser is 10.35 MHz. The fiber laser can deliver three different optical pulses, namely, the conventional soliton, second-order bound state, and noise-like pulse. The duration of soliton is 421.2 fs; the energy of noise-like pulse is 197.10 pJ. The experimental and simulated results show that the output states of the fiber laser can be switched by adjusting the pump power.

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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States	P. P (mW)	R. R (MHz)	A. P (mW)	P. E (PJ)
Fundamental soliton	101	10.35	1.53	147.83
Second-order bound soliton	118.6	10.35	1.85	178.74
Noise-like pulse	129	10.35	2.04	197.10

SAs	Incorporation Method	$λ$ (nm)	$τ$ (ps)	$f$ (MHz)	Ref.
${V S e}_{2}$	Deposited onto the microfiber	1565.69	0.910	8.1206	[36]
${N b S}_{2}$	Deposited onto side of microfiber	1559.36	0.709	18.18	[37]
$W_{x} {N b}_{(1 - x)} {S e}_{2}$	Deposited onto the microfiber	1551	0.131	65.11	[38]
${S n S}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1562.01	0.623	29.33	[17]
${P d S e}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1560.67	14.92	16.29	[16]
Tellurene	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1573.97	5.87	12.17	[18]
${S b}_{2} {T e}_{3}$	Deposited on side-polished fiber	1565	0.128	22.32	[39]
Graphene	Film on end facet of fiber	1557.14	0.67	9.655	[40]
${B i}_{2} {S e}_{3}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1557.5	0.66	12.5	[41]
${B i}_{2} {S e}_{3}$	Deposited on end facet of fiber	1571	0.579	12.54	[42]
${M o S}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1556.3	0.606	463	[34]
${M o S e}_{2}$	Deposited on side-polished fiber	1557.1	1.09	5.03	[43]
${W S}_{2}$	Deposited on tapered fiber	1561	0.369	24.93	[44]
BP	Deposited on end facet of fiber	1559.5	0.67	8.77	[45]
GIMF-SIMF-GIMF	Splice with fiber	1564.84	0.4212	10.35	This work

$L_{E D F}$	5.3 $m$	$L_{S M F}$	14.5 $m$
$β_{2, E D F}$	21 $p s^{2} / k m$	$β_{2, S M F}$	$- 23 p s^{2} / k m$
$γ_{E D F}$	3 $W^{- 1} {k m}^{- 1}$	$Δ T$	0.4
$g_{0}$	1.2 $m^{- 1}$	$P_{s a t}$	10 W
$Δ λ_{g}$	10 nm	$T_{0}$	0.4
$E_{s}$	2/9/200 pJ	OC	10%
$λ$	1560 nm	$γ_{S M F}$	3 $W^{- 1} {k m}^{- 1}$

States	P. P (mW)	R. R (MHz)	A. P (mW)	P. E (PJ)
Fundamental soliton	101	10.35	1.53	147.83
Second-order bound soliton	118.6	10.35	1.85	178.74
Noise-like pulse	129	10.35	2.04	197.10

SAs	Incorporation Method	$λ$ (nm)	$τ$ (ps)	$f$ (MHz)	Ref.
${V S e}_{2}$	Deposited onto the microfiber	1565.69	0.910	8.1206	[36]
${N b S}_{2}$	Deposited onto side of microfiber	1559.36	0.709	18.18	[37]
$W_{x} {N b}_{(1 - x)} {S e}_{2}$	Deposited onto the microfiber	1551	0.131	65.11	[38]
${S n S}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1562.01	0.623	29.33	[17]
${P d S e}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1560.67	14.92	16.29	[16]
Tellurene	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1573.97	5.87	12.17	[18]
${S b}_{2} {T e}_{3}$	Deposited on side-polished fiber	1565	0.128	22.32	[39]
Graphene	Film on end facet of fiber	1557.14	0.67	9.655	[40]
${B i}_{2} {S e}_{3}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1557.5	0.66	12.5	[41]
${B i}_{2} {S e}_{3}$	Deposited on end facet of fiber	1571	0.579	12.54	[42]
${M o S}_{2}$	Polyvinyl alcohol film	1556.3	0.606	463	[34]
${M o S e}_{2}$	Deposited on side-polished fiber	1557.1	1.09	5.03	[43]
${W S}_{2}$	Deposited on tapered fiber	1561	0.369	24.93	[44]
BP	Deposited on end facet of fiber	1559.5	0.67	8.77	[45]
GIMF-SIMF-GIMF	Splice with fiber	1564.84	0.4212	10.35	This work

Abstract

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Equations (3)

Applied Optics