Silicon Brewster plate wavelength separator for a mid-IR optical parametric source

Bianka Csanaková; Bianka Csanaková; Ondřej Novák; Martin Smrž; Jaroslav Huynh; Jaroslav Huynh; Helena Jelínková; Antonio Lucianetti; Tomáš Mocek

doi:10.1364/AO.411408

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 2,
pp. 281-290
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.411408

Silicon Brewster plate wavelength separator for a mid-IR optical parametric source

Bianka Csanaková, Ondřej Novák, Martin Smrž, Jaroslav Huynh, Helena Jelínková, Antonio Lucianetti, and Tomáš Mocek

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Bianka Csanaková, Ondřej Novák, Martin Smrž, Jaroslav Huynh, Helena Jelínková, Antonio Lucianetti, and Tomáš Mocek, "Silicon Brewster plate wavelength separator for a mid-IR optical parametric source," Appl. Opt. 60, 281-290 (2021)

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- Lasers, Optical Amplifiers, and Laser Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 2, 2020
- Revised Manuscript: November 27, 2020
- Manuscript Accepted: November 28, 2020
- Published: January 4, 2021

Abstract

The availability of optical elements for the mid-infrared wavelength range, such as polarizers and wavelength separators, is limited especially when a broadband wavelength range coverage is required. We propose a polarizer based on uncoated silicon Brewster plates. A detailed analysis of the polarizer’s contrast and the influence of parasitic reflections, its dependence on wavelength, and the angular misalignment is shown. Two different arrangements of the two- and four-plate polarizers are discussed. With contrast including the influence of parasitic reflections of over ${{10}^3}$ for the whole transparency range of silicon (1.2–6.5 µm), the four-plate polarizer is an effective, low-cost, high-power compatible tool providing sufficient contrast for signal and idler beam separation of the broadband mid-infrared Type II optical parametric sources. The proposed polarizers can function as an attenuator assembly without any wave plate.

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Type of Polarizer	Advantages	Disadvantages	Commercial Availability
Polarizing prism	Either high birefringence or high mid-IR transparency can be ensured at the same time		Yes
Wire-grid	Wide transparency	Higher cost	Yes
Reflection Brewster	Wide material selection in the mid-IR, high degree of polarization, low cost	Bulky, requires a reflective component (mirror) and often multiple reflections, parasitic reflections in the $s$ polarization from parallel plates	No, however materials are commercially available, and the polarizer setup can be custom-made for the specific application, contrast, and wavelength range requirements
Transmission Brewster	Wide material selection in the mid-IR, high contrast, low-cost, no need for a reflective component, anti-parallel setup does not cause beam deviation	Bulky, multiple plates required, parasitic reflections in the $s$ polarization from parallel plates

(A) Parallel Arrangement
	Contrast $T_{p} : T_{s}$
Angular Detuning (°)	Two Plates	Four Plates
$+ 3^{\circ}, + 3^{\circ}$	116	Minimum intensity
$+ 2^{\circ}, + 2^{\circ}$	77	at noise level of
$+ 1^{\circ}$ , $+ 1^{\circ}$	66	the detector
$0^{\circ}, 0^{\circ}$	57
$- 1^{\circ}, - 1^{\circ}$	50
$- 2^{\circ}, - 2^{\circ}$	46	Aperture too small
$- 3^{\circ}, - 3^{\circ}$	Aperture too small
(B) Beam-Displacement Compensating Arrangement
	Contrast $T_{p} : T_{s}$
Angular Detuning (°)	Two Plates	Four Plates
$+ 3^{\circ}, - 3^{\circ}$	Aperture too small	Aperture too small
$+ 2^{\circ}, - 2^{\circ}$	54	Minimum intensity
$+ 1^{\circ}, - 1^{\circ}$	46	at noise level of
$0^{\circ}, 0^{\circ}$	45	the detector

Type of Polarizer	Advantages	Disadvantages	Commercial Availability
Polarizing prism	Either high birefringence or high mid-IR transparency can be ensured at the same time		Yes
Wire-grid	Wide transparency	Higher cost	Yes
Reflection Brewster	Wide material selection in the mid-IR, high degree of polarization, low cost	Bulky, requires a reflective component (mirror) and often multiple reflections, parasitic reflections in the $s$ polarization from parallel plates	No, however materials are commercially available, and the polarizer setup can be custom-made for the specific application, contrast, and wavelength range requirements
Transmission Brewster	Wide material selection in the mid-IR, high contrast, low-cost, no need for a reflective component, anti-parallel setup does not cause beam deviation	Bulky, multiple plates required, parasitic reflections in the $s$ polarization from parallel plates

(A) Parallel Arrangement
	Contrast $T_{p} : T_{s}$
Angular Detuning (°)	Two Plates	Four Plates
$+ 3^{\circ}, + 3^{\circ}$	116	Minimum intensity
$+ 2^{\circ}, + 2^{\circ}$	77	at noise level of
$+ 1^{\circ}$ , $+ 1^{\circ}$	66	the detector
$0^{\circ}, 0^{\circ}$	57
$- 1^{\circ}, - 1^{\circ}$	50
$- 2^{\circ}, - 2^{\circ}$	46	Aperture too small
$- 3^{\circ}, - 3^{\circ}$	Aperture too small
(B) Beam-Displacement Compensating Arrangement
	Contrast $T_{p} : T_{s}$
Angular Detuning (°)	Two Plates	Four Plates
$+ 3^{\circ}, - 3^{\circ}$	Aperture too small	Aperture too small
$+ 2^{\circ}, - 2^{\circ}$	54	Minimum intensity
$+ 1^{\circ}, - 1^{\circ}$	46	at noise level of
$0^{\circ}, 0^{\circ}$	45	the detector

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Applied Optics