Abstract

We present a highly accurate Raman spectrometer capable of measuring changes in atmospheric temperature as small as 0.75 K with high spatial and temporal resolution. The spectrometer is based on a laser diode tuned to the resonant absorption line of the $^{85}{\rm{Rb}}$ isotope near 780.0 nm. A heated glass cell containing Rb atoms was used as an ultranarrowband atomic absorption notch filter with $0.3 \;{\rm{c}}{{\rm{m}}^{- 1}}$ bandwidth and optical density as high as four. This filter was placed in front of the spectrograph and blocked up to 99.99% of the elastically scattered laser light, which made it possible to resolve the pure-rotational Raman spectra of molecular atmospheric gases. The relative intensities of pure-rotational Raman transitions were then used to infer atmospheric temperature changes.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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