Design of a high-throughput telescope based on scanning an off-axis three-mirror anastigmat system

Huiru Ji; Zhengbo Zhu; Hao Tan; Yuefan Shan; Wei Tan; Donglin Ma; Donglin Ma

doi:10.1364/AO.421998

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 10,
pp. 2817-2823
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.421998

Design of a high-throughput telescope based on scanning an off-axis three-mirror anastigmat system

Huiru Ji, Zhengbo Zhu, Hao Tan, Yuefan Shan, Wei Tan, and Donglin Ma

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Huiru Ji, Zhengbo Zhu, Hao Tan, Yuefan Shan, Wei Tan, and Donglin Ma, "Design of a high-throughput telescope based on scanning an off-axis three-mirror anastigmat system," Appl. Opt. 60, 2817-2823 (2021)

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Abstract

A high-throughput optical system possesses a large field of view (FOV) and high resolution. However, it is a major challenge to design such a telescope with these two conflicting specifications. In this paper, we propose a method to design a high-throughput telescope based on the classical off-axis three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) configuration by introducing a scanning mechanism. We derive the optimum initial design for the TMA system with no primary aberrations through characteristic ray tracing. During the design process, a real exit pupil is necessitated to accommodate the scanning mirror. By gradually increasing the system’s FOV during the optimization procedure, we finally obtained a high-throughput telescope design with an F-number of 6, a FOV of ${{6}}{{{0}}^ \circ} \times {{1}}{\rm{.}}{{{5}}^ \circ}$, and a long focal length of 876 mm. In addition, a tolerance analysis is also conducted to demonstrate the instrumentation feasibility. We believe that this kind of large rectangle FOV telescope with high resolution has broad future applications in the optical remote sensing field.

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F number	6
FOV	$6 0^{\circ} \times {1.5}^{\circ}$
Entrance pupil diameter	160 mm
Wavelength range	8–12 µm
Image quality	Reach diffraction limit
Detector pixel size	$50 µ m \times 50 µ m$
Detector size	$640 m m \times 512 m m$

Surface	Radius (mm)	Distance (mm)	Conic	Size (mm)
Stop	—	−180	—	$Φ 160$
PM	1320.104	−3065.241	0.904	$Φ 254$
SM	2741.618	4000.000	−0.006	$Φ 1920$
TM	−2512.183	−4000.000	−0.118	$Φ 1262$
Image	—	—	—	$Φ 438$

Variable	Config. 1	Config. 2	Config. 3	Config. 4	Config. 5	Config. 6
XFIE 1	0°	10°	15°	20°	25°	30°
XFIE 2	0°	10°	15°	20°	25°	30°
XFIE 3	0°	10°	15°	20°	25°	30°
XFIE 4	0°	10°	15°	20°	25°	30°
Scanning mirror rotation angle	0°	3°	4.5°	6°	7.5°	9°

Surface	Radius	Distance	Conic	Size	Tilted about $x$
PM	803.622 mm	−1652.630 mm	0.687	$250 {m m}^{*} 110 m m$	0°
SM	1954.405 mm	3207.541 mm	−0.075	$420 {m m}^{*} 380 m m$	0°
TM	−1894.321 mm	−1328.788 mm	−0.094	$600 {m m}^{*} 300 m m$	0°
Coordinate Break	Infinity	0 mm	—	—	$- 35^{\circ}$
Scanning mirror	Infinity	0 mm	0	$Φ 110 m m$	0°
Coordinate Break	Infinity	0 mm	—	—	35°
Coordinate Break	Infinity	1893.190 mm	—	—	$- 63^{\circ}$
Image	—	—	—	$Φ 22 m m$	0°

Surface	4th Order	6th Order	8th Order
PM	1.218e-10	−1.817e-16	5.420e-21
SM	−1.552e-12	−9.185e-19	1.750e-24
TM	−2.817e-12	4.801e-19	−2.076e-24

Surface	Tolerances	Value
All	Radius	$\pm 10 µ m$
All	Distance	$\pm 50 µ m$
PM	Decenter in $x$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Decenter in $y$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Tilt in $x$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $y$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $z$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
SM	Decenter in $x$	$\pm 20 µ m$
	Decenter in $y$	$\pm 20 µ m$
	Tilt in $x$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $y$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $z$	${\pm 0.01}^{\circ}$
TM	Decenter in $x$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Decenter in $y$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Tilt in $x$	${\pm 0.02}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $y$	${\pm 0.02}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $z$	${\pm 0.02}^{\circ}$
Scanning mirror	Decenter in $x$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Decenter in $y$	$\pm 50 µ m$
	Tilt in $x$	${\pm 0.04}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $y$	${\pm 0.04}^{\circ}$
	Tilt in $z$	${\pm 0.04}^{\circ}$

Configurations	98%	90%	80%	50%
Config. 1	0.3164	0.3212	0.3236	0.3272
Config. 2	0.2844	0.2997	0.3082	0.3309
Config. 3	0.2471	0.2686	0.2814	0.3031
Config. 4	0.2184	0.2485	0.2656	0.2909
Config. 5	0.2426	0.2734	0.2892	0.3116
Config. 6	0.2725	0.2973	0.3085	0.3235

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Applied Optics