Indoor daylighting using Fresnel lens solar-concentrator-based hybrid cylindrical luminaire for illumination and water heating

Mayank Gupta; Atul Kumar Dubey; Virendra Kumar; Dalip Singh Mehta

doi:10.1364/AO.389044

Applied Optics
Vol. 59,
Issue 18,
pp. 5358-5367
(2020)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.389044

Indoor daylighting using Fresnel lens solar-concentrator-based hybrid cylindrical luminaire for illumination and water heating

Mayank Gupta, Atul Kumar Dubey, Virendra Kumar, and Dalip Singh Mehta

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Mayank Gupta, Atul Kumar Dubey, Virendra Kumar, and Dalip Singh Mehta, "Indoor daylighting using Fresnel lens solar-concentrator-based hybrid cylindrical luminaire for illumination and water heating," Appl. Opt. 59, 5358-5367 (2020)

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Abstract

Abundant availability of sunlight during daytime and the broad spectrum of solar energy has attracted much attention from researchers. The photometric parameters of sunlight such as color coordinates, color rendering index, and color temperature are most appropriate for human vision as compared to artificial light sources. This is due to the fact that visible portion of sunlight is almost uniform and matches perfectly with the human eye sensitivity curve. Further, it is well known that sunlight also has great health benefits. To exploit these advantages, we have developed a solar concentrator system based on a large Fresnel lens and a light guide to transport sunlight indoors. The infrared portion of solar energy is utilized for water heating, and the visible portion of sunlight is transmitted via a plastic optical fiber (POF) bundle which guides sunlight into the rooms. One end of the POF is coupled with a light guide, and another end is coupled with a cylindrical rod-shaped luminaire made up of acrylic. POFs are low cost, flexible, and easily available compared to glass fibers, and therefore are generally used for transporting sunlight indoors. However, the spectral profile of transmitted sunlight does not remain uniform in the visible portion while propagating via long POF. To achieve optimum spectral profile, a blue LED is ingrooved into the cylindrical luminaire. The design of the system, experimental details, thermal efficiency, and photometric parameters such as color coordinates, illuminance, optical efficiency, and spectrum of indoor lighting are reported. The proposed hybrid system will reduce the requirement of electricity consumption during the daytime, improve indoor illumination quality, and be useful for sustainable development.

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Parameters	Specifications
Core/cladding diameter	2.95/3.00 mm
Refractive index core/cladding	1.490/1.402
Minimum bend radius	75 mm
Attenuation	0.20 dB/m
Spectral transmission range	380–750 mm
Numerical aperture	0.50
Acceptance angle	60°

Time	Solar Irradiance ( ${W / m}^{2}$ )	$T_{1}$ (°C)	$T_{2}$ (°C)	$\dot{Q}$ (J/sec)	$η_{T h}$
9:00	850	22	32	209.35	0.25
9:30	980	24	36	251.22	0.26
10:00	985	26	49	481.51	0.49
10:30	1050	27	52	523.38	0.50
11:00	1070	29	54	523.38	0.49
11:30	1100	31	58	565.25	0.51
12:00	1130	32	60	586.18	0.52
12:30	1115	34	56	460.57	0.41
13:00	1110	34	54	418.70	0.38
13:30	1080	34	52	376.83	0.35
14:00	1055	34	50	334.96	0.32
14:30	1030	34	48	293.09	0.28
15:00	980	34	44	209.35	0.21

Time	Solar Irradiance ( ${W / m}^{2}$ )	Outdoor Sunlight Illumination (klux)	Luminous Flux on Concentrator (lm)	Illumination through POF (klux)	Illumination through Acrylic Rod (lux)
9:00	850	56.22	56220	88.28	429.0
9:30	980	59.4	59400	120	484.4
10:00	985	64.06	64060	144.1	635.4
10:30	1050	66.54	66540	184.92	1447
11:00	1070	61.98	61980	224.36	1508
11:30	1100	64.24	64240	245.37	1857
12:00	1130	57.08	57080	261.35	2063
12:30	1115	66.49	66490	330.4	2287
13:00	1110	64.83	64830	320.25	2351
13:30	1080	66.73	66730	280.4	1557
14:00	1055	64.76	64760	163.62	1490
14:30	1030	62.47	62470	109.11	1204
15:00	980	59.08	59080	102.1	842

Year	Author	Si/Exp & (Proposed)	Solar Conc. & Spec.	Beam Splitter	Guiding Med. & Spec.	$η_{S i}$	$η_{E x p}$	$ϕ_{S i} / I_{S i}$	$ϕ_{E x p} / I_{E x p}$	Spectrum Indoor
2017	Pham et al. [21]	Si	Linear Fresnel lens ( $S i z e = 300 \times 300 m m,$ $No of lenses = 2$ )	Plate Beam Splitter	SOF ( $d i a = 1.8 m m$ ), POF ( $d i a = 2 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 10 m$ ) No of $F i b e r s = 81$	16.8%	NA	1666.6lm/416.6 lux	NA	NA
2019	Yang et al.[19]	Exp	Fresnel lens ( $d i a = 1 m$ )	IR Filter ( $80 \times 80 \times 3 m m$ )	POF ( $d i a = 1 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 10 m$ ) No of $F i b e r s = 322$	NA	6.7%	NA	NA/180 lux	Not Improved
2018	Lawless et al. [20]	Exp	Fresnel lens ( $d i a = 10 i n$ ) No of $l e n s e s = 8$	Secondary lens No of $l e n s e s = 8$	POF ( $d i a = 13.2 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 20 f t$ )	NA	NA	NA	1750lm/NA	NA
2016	Vu et al. [15]	Si & Exp & (Proposed)	Modified CPC ( $l = 219.7 m m,$ $θ_{a} = 2. 86^{\circ}$ ) No of $C P C = 2$ 00 (Proposed)	NA	POF ( $d i a = 2 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 5 m$ ) No of $F i b e r s = 200$ (Proposed)	Upto 84% (Proposed)	NA	4400 lm (Proposed)	NA	NA
2010	Tsuei et al. [27]	Si	Parabolic Primary Reflector ( $d = 370 m m,$ $R = 228.6 m m$ ) & Ellipsoidal Secondary Reflector ( $d = 58.95 m m,$ $R = 29.788 m m$ )	Plate Beam Splitter	Light Guide ( $l e n g t h = 0.5 m$ )	NA	NA	NA	NA/639.89lux	NA
2014	Ullah et al. [14]	Si	Parabolic Trough/Linear Fresnel lens ( $s i z e = 570 \times 1000$ mm) as Primary and Trough CPC as Secondary	SOF ( $c o r e$ $d i a = 1.457 m m$ $l e n g t h = 130 m m$ )	POF ( $c o r e -$ $d i a = 1.98 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 6 m$ )	NA	NA	NA/800 lux	NA	NA
2016	Vu et al. [18]	Si & Exp & (Proposed)	Fresnel lens ( $d i a = 350 m m$ ) No of $l e n s e s = 18 (3 \times 6 a r r a y)$ (Proposed)	Hot Mirror ( $25 \times 25$ mm) No of $M i r r o r s = 18$ (Proposed)	Tapered POF ( $d i a = 6 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 1 m$ ) No of $f i b e r s = 18$ (Proposed)	71 % (maximum)	50.7%	90000 lm (Proposed)/NA	4625.7lm/NA	NA
2016	Vu et al. [17]	Si & (Proposed)	Fresnel Lens ( $d i a = 240 m m$ ) No. of $L e n s e s = 25 (5 \times 5 a r r a y)$ (Proposed)	Hot Mirror ( $25 \times 25$ mm) (No. of $M i r r o r s = 25$ ) (Proposed)	Stepped Thickness Waveguide ( $Q u a n t i t y = 5$ ) and POF ( $d i a = 2 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 10 m$ ) ( $Q u a n t i t y = 5$ ) (Proposed)	63.8 %	NA	29000 lm (Proposed)/NA	NA	NA
2012	Ullah et al. [16]	Si & Exp	Parabolic Mirror/Fresnel lens ( $d i a = 300 m m$ )	SOF ( $d i a = 1.457 m m$ $l e n g t h = 130 m m$ ) No. of $f i b e r s = 54$	POF ( $d i a = 1.98 m m,$ $l e n g t h = 10 m$ ) No. of $f i b e r s = 54$	NA	NA	NA/(705 lux& 675 lux)	NA	NA
Proposed	Gupta et al.	Exp	Fresnel lens ( $d i a = 1 m$ )	Light Guide ( $l e n g t h = 15 c m$ )	POF ( $d i a = 3 m m$ ) $L e n g t h = 10 m$ No. of $f i b e r s = 4$	NA	52 % (Thermal) & 6.5 % (Optical)	NA	4200 lm/2351 lux	Improved

Parameters	Specifications
Core/cladding diameter	2.95/3.00 mm
Refractive index core/cladding	1.490/1.402
Minimum bend radius	75 mm
Attenuation	0.20 dB/m
Spectral transmission range	380–750 mm
Numerical aperture	0.50
Acceptance angle	60°

Abstract

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Figures (10)

Tables (4)

Equations (8)

Applied Optics