Temperature characteristics of a BGO fiber-optic voltage transformer

Yuntao Yan; Chongqing Wu; Lanlan Liu; Jian Wang

doi:10.1364/AO.58.007781

Applied Optics
Vol. 58,
Issue 28,
pp. 7781-7788
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.007781

Temperature characteristics of a BGO fiber-optic voltage transformer

Yuntao Yan, Chongqing Wu, Lanlan Liu, and Jian Wang

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Yuntao Yan, Chongqing Wu, Lanlan Liu, and Jian Wang, "Temperature characteristics of a BGO fiber-optic voltage transformer," Appl. Opt. 58, 7781-7788 (2019)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Optical Devices, Sensors, and Detectors
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: April 10, 2019
- Revised Manuscript: August 9, 2019
- Manuscript Accepted: August 11, 2019
- Published: September 25, 2019

Abstract

The temperature stability of the optical fiber voltage transformer (OVT) has always been the key factor restricting its practical application. There are many factors affecting temperature characteristics, including residual birefringence during ${Bi}_{4} {Ge}_{3} O_{12}$ (BGO) processing, the thermo-optic effect, the thermal expansion effect, and temperature change of the second-order nonlinear polarization coefficient. These complex effects interact with each other and affect the temperature characteristics of the OVT. Therefore, for a long time, the research of various literatures has not been comprehensive enough, and even has certain contradictions. In this paper, the mechanism between the five influencing factors and the OVT temperature characteristics was investigated. The experimental results show that the temperature characteristics of OVT can be divided into two aspects: the starting point and the conversion coefficient. The starting point is affected by the residual birefringence of the BGO crystal, crystal alignment, the thermal expansion of the crystal, and the thermo-optic effect. The conversion coefficient is affected by the starting point, the thermo-optic effect and the second-order nonlinear polarization coefficient.

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Crystal Number	Residual Birefringence $n_{e}$
1	$2.1 \times 10^{- 3}$
2	$3.2 \times 10^{- 3}$
3	$2.3 \times 10^{- 3}$
4	$3.8 \times 10^{- 3}$

T/°C	$S_{1 out}$ (0)	Slope	$n_{o}$	$Δ$ (°)	$χ_{2}$ (m/V)
12	0.1684	0.0598	2.0444	0.059	$1.7212 \times 10^{- 11}$
20	0.1465	0.0588	2.0408	0.051	$1.6850 \times 10^{- 11}$
32.6	0.1262	0.0544	2.0349	0.044	$1.5499 \times 10^{- 11}$
40.2	0.0877	0.0496	2.0314	0.030	$1.4058 \times 10^{- 11}$
50	0.0493	0.0464	2.0269	0.017	$1.3065 \times 10^{- 11}$
60	0.0009	0.0416	2.0223	0.000	$1.1686 \times 10^{- 11}$
70	−0.0676	0.0395	2.0177	−0.023	$1.1083 \times 10^{- 11}$
79.5	−0.0976	0.0328	2.0133	−0.034	$0.9220 \times 10^{- 11}$

Crystal Number	Residual Birefringence $n_{e}$
1	$2.1 \times 10^{- 3}$
2	$3.2 \times 10^{- 3}$
3	$2.3 \times 10^{- 3}$
4	$3.8 \times 10^{- 3}$

T/°C	$S_{1 out}$ (0)	Slope	$n_{o}$	$Δ$ (°)	$χ_{2}$ (m/V)
12	0.1684	0.0598	2.0444	0.059	$1.7212 \times 10^{- 11}$
20	0.1465	0.0588	2.0408	0.051	$1.6850 \times 10^{- 11}$
32.6	0.1262	0.0544	2.0349	0.044	$1.5499 \times 10^{- 11}$
40.2	0.0877	0.0496	2.0314	0.030	$1.4058 \times 10^{- 11}$
50	0.0493	0.0464	2.0269	0.017	$1.3065 \times 10^{- 11}$
60	0.0009	0.0416	2.0223	0.000	$1.1686 \times 10^{- 11}$
70	−0.0676	0.0395	2.0177	−0.023	$1.1083 \times 10^{- 11}$
79.5	−0.0976	0.0328	2.0133	−0.034	$0.9220 \times 10^{- 11}$

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Applied Optics