Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) lidar imaging technology is developing rapidly in civil, commercial, and military fields. Especially in the military field, lidar with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and long range is essential. However, high SNR is contradictory to long-range detection, which is a difficult problem to be resolved. In this paper, we propose an adjustable higher SNR and long-range 3D-imaging cluster lidar ($C$-Lidar) based on a coded full-waveform technique. $C$-Lidar makes full use of linear mode avalanche photodiode (Lm-APD) multiplexing and space–time domain laser codec technology. The system uses only an $8\times 8$ Lm-APD array to acquire $64\times 64\times 64\text{pixels}$ in a single imaging process within $6.4\times {10}^{-3}\mathrm{s}$. Based on the $C$-Lidar system, we establish a mathematical model to analyze the increased SNR by 18 dB. It is noteworthy that the SNR can be increased much higher when the product of the number of Lm-APDs and the length of the encoding sequence increase. The SNR is adjusted with the product, and $C$-Lidar changes the SNR by controlling the product. To verify the feasibility of the above theory, we conduct a principle prototype imaging experiment, and the result shows that $C$-Lidar achieves a clear image at 2 km.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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