Abstract

Lithium niobate (${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$) electro-optic birefringent optical waveguides or electro-optic Mach–Zehnder interferometers have been proposed as electric field sensors in recent years. Electrode-less sensing using ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ devices is an active research domain, as they do not perturb the measurands. Asymmetric ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ Mach–Zehnder interferometers can be used as electrode-less electric field sensors. However, as an electrode-less sensor cannot be electrically adjusted in the linear region of its electro-optic transfer function, the measurand is imprinted anywhere on such a characteristic. With a view toward achieving a linear response of the sensing-detection process, a simple technique for remotely biasing the electro-optic response, based on two cascaded ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ AMZI optical retarders, is described in this paper.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

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