Relationship between foot eversion and thermographic foot skin temperature after running

Jose Ignacio Priego Quesada; Marina Gil-Calvo; Irene Jimenez-Perez; Ángel G. Lucas-Cuevas; Pedro Pérez-Soriano

doi:10.1364/AO.56.005559

Applied Optics
Vol. 56,
Issue 19,
pp. 5559-5565
(2017)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.005559

Relationship between foot eversion and thermographic foot skin temperature after running

Jose Ignacio Priego Quesada, Marina Gil-Calvo, Irene Jimenez-Perez, Ángel G. Lucas-Cuevas, and Pedro Pérez-Soriano

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Jose Ignacio Priego Quesada, Marina Gil-Calvo, Irene Jimenez-Perez, Ángel G. Lucas-Cuevas, and Pedro Pérez-Soriano, "Relationship between foot eversion and thermographic foot skin temperature after running," Appl. Opt. 56, 5559-5565 (2017)

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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: March 9, 2017
- Revised Manuscript: June 9, 2017
- Manuscript Accepted: June 9, 2017
- Published: June 30, 2017
Virtual Issues
Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics Vol. 12, Iss. 9

Abstract

The main instruments to assess foot eversion have some limitations (especially for field applications), and therefore it is necessary to explore new methods. The objective was to determine the relationship between foot eversion and skin temperature asymmetry of the foot sole (difference between medial and lateral side), using infrared thermography. Twenty-two runners performed a running test lasting 30 min. Skin temperature of the feet soles was measured by infrared thermography before and after running. Foot eversion during running was measured by kinematic analysis. Immediately after running, weak negative correlations were observed between thermal symmetry of the rearfoot and eversion at contact time, and between thermal symmetry of the entire plantar surface of the foot and maximum eversion during stance phase ( $r = - 0.3$ and $p = 0.04$ in both cases). Regarding temperature variations, weak correlations were also observed ( $r = 0.4$ and $p < 0.05$ ). The weak correlations observed in this study suggest that skin temperature is not related to foot eversion. However, these results open interesting future lines of research.

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	Rearfoot			Foot
	Medial $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Lateral $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Med versus Lat p; ES	Medial $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Lateral $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Med versus Lat p; ES
Absolute temperatures
Before running	$27.7 \pm 1.6$	$27.1 \pm 1.8$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3	$27.2 \pm 1.7$	$26.9 \pm 1.8$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2
Immediately after running	$34.0 \pm 1.2$	$33.8 \pm 1.3$	$p < 0.01$ ; 0.2	$34.5 \pm 1.2$	$34.2 \pm 1.3$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3
10 min after running	$31.6 \pm 1.5$	$31.5 \pm 1.6$	$p = 0.01$ ; 0.1	$32.1 \pm 1.4$	$31.7 \pm 1.6$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3
Temperature variations
$Δ T$	$6.4 \pm 1.7$	$6.7 \pm 2.0$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2	$7.3 \pm 1.9$	$7.3 \pm 2.0$	$p = 0.54$ ; 0.0
$Δ T 10$	$4.0 \pm 2.0$	$4.4 \pm 2.2$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2	$4.9 \pm 2.0$	$4.8 \pm 2.2$	$p = 0.25$ ; 0.0
$Δ T after$	$- 2.4 \pm 1.5$	$- 2.3 \pm 1.5$	$p = 0.34$ ; 0.0	$- 2.4 \pm 1.4$	$- 2.4 \pm 1.6$	$p = 0.53$ ; 0.0

	Rearfoot		Foot
	$Average \pm SD$ (°C)	95%CI	$Average \pm SD$ (°C)	95%CI
Absolute temperatures
Before running	$0.5 \pm 0.4$	0.4, 0.7	$0.3 \pm 0.5$	0.2, 0.4
Immediately after running	$0.2 \pm 0.5$	0.1, 0.4	$0.4 \pm 0.4$	0.2, 0.5
10 min after running	$0.1 \pm 0.4$	0.0, 0.2	$0.4 \pm 0.4$	0.3, 0.5
Temperature variations
$Δ T$	$- 0.3 \pm 0.5$	−0.5, −0.2	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2
$Δ T 10$	$- 0.4 \pm 0.4$	−0.5, −0.3	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2
$Δ T after$	$- 0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.2, 0.1	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2

	Rearfoot			Foot
	Medial $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Lateral $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Med versus Lat p; ES	Medial $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Lateral $Average \pm SD$ (°C)	Med versus Lat p; ES
Absolute temperatures
Before running	$27.7 \pm 1.6$	$27.1 \pm 1.8$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3	$27.2 \pm 1.7$	$26.9 \pm 1.8$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2
Immediately after running	$34.0 \pm 1.2$	$33.8 \pm 1.3$	$p < 0.01$ ; 0.2	$34.5 \pm 1.2$	$34.2 \pm 1.3$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3
10 min after running	$31.6 \pm 1.5$	$31.5 \pm 1.6$	$p = 0.01$ ; 0.1	$32.1 \pm 1.4$	$31.7 \pm 1.6$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.3
Temperature variations
$Δ T$	$6.4 \pm 1.7$	$6.7 \pm 2.0$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2	$7.3 \pm 1.9$	$7.3 \pm 2.0$	$p = 0.54$ ; 0.0
$Δ T 10$	$4.0 \pm 2.0$	$4.4 \pm 2.2$	$p < 0.001$ ; 0.2	$4.9 \pm 2.0$	$4.8 \pm 2.2$	$p = 0.25$ ; 0.0
$Δ T after$	$- 2.4 \pm 1.5$	$- 2.3 \pm 1.5$	$p = 0.34$ ; 0.0	$- 2.4 \pm 1.4$	$- 2.4 \pm 1.6$	$p = 0.53$ ; 0.0

	Rearfoot		Foot
	$Average \pm SD$ (°C)	95%CI	$Average \pm SD$ (°C)	95%CI
Absolute temperatures
Before running	$0.5 \pm 0.4$	0.4, 0.7	$0.3 \pm 0.5$	0.2, 0.4
Immediately after running	$0.2 \pm 0.5$	0.1, 0.4	$0.4 \pm 0.4$	0.2, 0.5
10 min after running	$0.1 \pm 0.4$	0.0, 0.2	$0.4 \pm 0.4$	0.3, 0.5
Temperature variations
$Δ T$	$- 0.3 \pm 0.5$	−0.5, −0.2	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2
$Δ T 10$	$- 0.4 \pm 0.4$	−0.5, −0.3	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2
$Δ T after$	$- 0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.2, 0.1	$0.1 \pm 0.5$	−0.1, 0.2

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Applied Optics